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The Blood-brain Barrier00:49

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Related Experiment Video

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FUS-mediated BBB opening leads to transient perfusion decrease and inflammation without acute or chronic brain

Sébastien Rigollet1,2, Claire Rome2, Thomas Ador3,4,5

  • 1Image Guided Therapy, Pessac, France.

Theranostics
|July 12, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Focused ultrasound (FUS) temporarily opens the blood-brain barrier (BBB), causing transient changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and blood volume fraction (BVf). This neuroimaging study reveals short-term hemodynamic impacts and subsequent neuroinflammation following FUS-induced BBB opening.

Keywords:
MR guidanceMRIfocused ultrasoundneuroinflammationsecondary bioeffects

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • MR-guided focused ultrasound (FUS) offers a non-invasive method for opening the blood-brain barrier (BBB).
  • Understanding hemodynamic changes post-BBB opening is crucial for optimizing therapeutic delivery and patient outcomes.
  • Cerebral hemodynamic parameters and neuroinflammation require careful evaluation for clinical translation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of MR-guided FUS-induced BBB opening on cerebral hemodynamics.
  • To monitor cavitation levels during FUS application.
  • To quantify longitudinal neuroinflammation markers after BBB permeabilization.

Main Methods:

  • MR-guided FUS was applied to the cortex or striatum to open the BBB.
  • Cerebral blood flow (CBF), blood volume fraction (BVf), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were monitored using MRI.
  • Cavitation was monitored using a passive cavitation detector (PCD) and classified using the International Ultrasound Diagnostics (IUD) index.

Main Results:

  • Successful BBB opening was achieved in all subjects, with minimal adverse cavitation.
  • Transient decreases in CBF (up to 54%) and BVf (up to 15%) were observed post-FUS, returning to baseline within 90 minutes.
  • Neuroinflammation markers showed transient increases in astrocytic recruitment and microglial activation, resolving within 7 days.

Conclusions:

  • MR-guided FUS-induced BBB opening causes temporary hemodynamic alterations in the CNS.
  • These hemodynamic changes suggest a transient reduction in nutrient and oxygen supply.
  • The findings are essential for refining FUS parameters for safe and effective therapeutic delivery.