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Marked increase in cryptosporidiosis cases, Spain, 2023

Marked increase in cryptosporidiosis cases, Spain, 2023

Marina Peñuelas Martinez ^1,2,3,4, David Carmena ^2,5,6, Bernardo R Guzmán Herrador ^2,7, Margarita Palau Miguel ⁸, Gabriela Saravia Campelli ⁷, Rosa María García Álvarez ^9,7, María Guerrero-Vadillo ^1,4, Alejandro Dashti ⁶, Pamela C Köster ^10,11,6, Esperanza Guevara Alemany ⁸, Fernando Simón Soria ^7,1, Isabel Fuentes Corripio ^12,6, Carmen Varela Martínez ^12,1,4, María José Sierra Moros ^12,7,5, ¹³,

Marina Peñuelas Martinez ^1,2,3,4, David Carmena ^2,5,6, Bernardo R Guzmán Herrador ^2,7

¹CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
²These authors contributed equally to the work and share first authorship.
³Escuela Internacional de Doctorado, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain.
⁴National Centre of Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
⁵CIBER in Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain.
⁶National Centre of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain.
⁷Coordinating Centre for Health Alerts and Emergencies, Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain.
⁸General Subdirectorate of Environmental Health, Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain.
⁹Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago (A Coruña), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
¹⁰Faculty of Medicine, Alfonso X El Sabio University (UAX), Villanueva de la Cañada, Spain.
¹¹Faculty of Health Sciences, Alfonso X El Sabio University (UAX), Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain.
¹²These authors contributed equally to the work and share last authorship.
¹³The members of the working group for the National Surveillance Network are listed under Collaborators.

⁰CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.

Euro Surveillance : Bulletin Europeen Sur Les Maladies Transmissibles = European Communicable Disease Bulletin +

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July 12, 2024

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Spain saw a significant rise in cryptosporidiosis cases in 2023, with outbreaks linked to water. Enhanced surveillance is crucial for preventing future cryptosporidiosis (parasitic infection) outbreaks.

Area Of Science

Epidemiology
Infectious Diseases
Public Health

Background

Cryptosporidiosis surveillance in Spain detected multiple regional events by September 2023.
An urgent request was issued to the National Surveillance Network for cryptosporidiosis case reporting.

Purpose Of The Study

To assess the 2023 increase in cryptosporidiosis cases compared to previous years.
To analyze epidemiological characteristics and transmission routes of cryptosporidiosis.
To identify prevalent Cryptosporidium species and subtypes.

Main Methods

Analysis of case notifications and outbreak reports from June-October 2023.
Comparison of 2023 data with national surveillance data from 2016-2022.
Genotyping of Cryptosporidium samples to identify species and subtypes.

Main Results

Spain reported 4,061 cryptosporidiosis cases in 2023, a sixfold increase in cumulative incidence (8.3/100,000).
Approximately 80% of cases occurred between June and October, with major outbreaks linked to contaminated drinking water and swimming pools.
Cryptosporidium hominis was the predominant species, and the unusual IfA12G1R5 subtype was detected in 62.3% of characterized samples.

Conclusions

A substantial increase in cryptosporidiosis cases occurred in Spain in 2023.
Strengthened surveillance is essential for preventing cryptosporidiosis, understanding trends, and identifying circulating subtypes.
Monitoring the impact of environmental factors on cryptosporidiosis is vital for public health protection.

Keywords:

Cryptosporidium Spain increase outbreak surveillance waterborne infection

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