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Related Concept Videos

The DNA Helix01:16

The DNA Helix

Overview
DNA as a Genetic Template02:05

DNA as a Genetic Template

Two structural features of the DNA molecule provide a basis for the mechanisms of heredity: the four nucleotide bases and its double-stranded nature. The Watson-Crick model of double-helical DNA structure, proposed in 1952, drew heavily upon the X-ray crystallography work of researchers Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins. Watson, Crick, and Wilkins jointly received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in 1962. Franklin was, controversially, excluded from the prize for...

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An Atom-Precise Understanding of DNA-Stabilized Silver Nanoclusters.

Anna Gonzàlez-Rosell1, Stacy M Copp1,2,3,4

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DNA-stabilized silver nanoclusters (AgN-DNAs) are programmable fluorophores with tunable optical properties. Recent advances in synthesis and analysis enable the design of AgN-DNAs for near-infrared imaging applications.

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Area of Science:

  • * Nanomaterials Science
  • * Biophysical Chemistry
  • * Molecular Imaging

Background:

  • * DNA-stabilized silver nanoclusters (AgN-DNAs) are sequence-encoded fluorophores whose optical properties depend on size and shape.
  • * AgN-DNAs offer potential as
  • programmable
  • emitters for biological imaging due to their small size, bright fluorescence, low toxicity, and cost-effective synthesis.
  • * Extending AgN-DNAs into the second near-infrared region (NIR-II) is crucial for deep tissue imaging, requiring a deeper understanding of structure-property relationships.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To review recent fundamental advances in AgN-DNA science, focusing on structure-property relationships.
  • * To highlight the discovery of new classes of AgN-DNAs with unique compositions and properties, including NIR-II emission.
  • * To discuss the potential of AgN-DNAs for advanced biomedical imaging applications.

Main Methods:

  • * High-throughput synthesis and fluorimetry of AgN-DNAs.
  • * Detailed analytical studies including mass characterization and crystallography.
  • * Combinatorial experiments and machine learning-guided design.

Main Results:

  • * Discovery of distinct classes of AgN-DNAs with unique cluster core compositions and ligand chemistries through large-scale screening.
  • * Identification of chloride-stabilized AgN-DNAs enabling ab initio electronic structure calculations and improved stabilization.
  • * Observation of diverse structures and properties in near-infrared (NIR) emissive AgN-DNAs.

Conclusions:

  • * Recent advances have significantly improved the understanding of AgN-DNA structure and photophysical properties.
  • * New AgN-DNA emitters with NIR-II potential are being developed for deep tissue imaging.
  • * Proof-of-principle demonstrations show promise for AgN-DNAs in targeted fluorescence imaging.