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Systemic immune-inflammation index and its relation to blood pressure and dyslipidemia in adults: A retrospective
Ghadeer S Aljuraiban1, Fahad J Alharbi2, Ali O Aljohi2
1Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Insights
The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) may help predict high blood pressure and dyslipidemia. Higher SII levels are linked to increased odds of hypertension and elevated LDL cholesterol, especially in specific populations.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Disease Research
- Inflammation Biomarkers
- Public Health
Background:
- High blood pressure (BP) and dyslipidemia are leading causes of cardiovascular mortality.
- The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) shows potential for predicting chronic diseases.
- The association between SII and hypertension or dyslipidemia requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between SII and high BP.
- To examine the association between SII and key lipid markers.
- To determine if SII can predict hypertension and dyslipidemia in Saudi adults.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of hospital data from 3895 Saudi adults (≥18 years).
- Extraction of BP (systolic and diastolic) and lipid profiles (cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides).
- Statistical analysis comparing SII quartiles and adjusted logistic regression models.
Main Results:
- Higher SII quartiles correlated with increased cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL levels.
- Elevated SII was significantly associated with higher odds of hypertension (OR: 1.12) and elevated LDL (OR: 1.07).
- A significant trend of increased hypertension odds with higher SII was observed in individuals with diabetes and those aged ≥65 years.
Conclusions:
- The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) may serve as a cost-effective tool for identifying individuals at risk of hypertension and certain dyslipidemias.
- Further longitudinal studies are recommended to validate these findings.
- SII's predictive value for cardiovascular risk factors warrants continued research.
Abstract:
High blood pressure (BP) and dyslipidemia are major risk factors for cardiovascular disease mortality. The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) has been suggested as a predictive tool to identify those at risk for chronic diseases, however, its use for predicting high BP and dyslipidemia has not been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to examine the association between SII and high BP as well as lipid markers. Retrospective hospital data from a large cohort (n = 3895) of Saudi adults aged ≥18 years were analyzed. Lipid markers (cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein [LDL]), systolic BP, and diastolic BP measures were extracted. When the sample was divided into quartiles of SII, cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL were higher in those with a higher SII than in those with a lower SII (P < .01). After adjusting for potential confounders, higher SII was significantly associated with higher odds of hypertension (odds ratio: 1.12, 95% confidence interval: 1.04-1.21) and elevated LDL (odds ratio: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.02-1.14), but not with elevated cholesterol. Across quartiles of SII, there was a significant trend between higher SII and the odds of hypertension in people with diabetes and those aged ≥65 years. The SII could be an economical predictive measure for identifying individuals at risk of hypertension and some aspects of dyslipidemia. Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm this relationship.
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