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Related Concept Videos

Turbulent Flow01:24

Turbulent Flow

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Turbulent flow is characterized by unpredictable fluctuations in velocity and pressure, which result in a chaotic fluid movement distinct from the orderly patterns of laminar flow. While laminar flow is governed by smooth, parallel layers with minimal mixing, turbulent flow exhibits highly irregular, three-dimensional patterns. This behavior arises due to instabilities in the fluid's velocity profile, and amplifies as the flow velocity increases. Minor disturbances, known as turbulent...
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When a fluid encounters a solid surface, a boundary layer forms due to the interaction between the fluid's motion and the stationary surface. This phenomenon is characterized by a thin region adjacent to the surface where viscous forces dominate, influencing the fluid's velocity profile. The development of the boundary layer begins at the leading edge of the surface and evolves as the fluid moves downstream.As the fluid flows over the surface, friction between the fluid and the wall slows down...
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General Characteristics of Pipe Flow II01:24

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When fluid enters a pipe, it first passes through the entrance region, where the velocity profile adjusts due to viscous effects. In this region, a boundary layer forms along the pipe walls and grows until it fully occupies the pipe's cross-section. Once the boundary layer merges, the flow becomes fully developed, with a steady velocity profile that remains consistent along the pipe's length.
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Introduction to Types of Flows01:23

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Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
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Phase Transition to Turbulence via Moving Fronts.

Sébastien Gomé1,2, Aliénor Rivière1, Laurette S Tuckerman1

  • 1Laboratoire de <a href="https://ror.org/03kr50w79">Physique et Mécanique des Milieux Hétérogènes</a>, CNRS, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Cité, Paris 75005, France.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Turbulence in subcritical flows transitions differently in plane Couette flow, without discrete structures. This study reveals a simpler scenario of expanding fronts and decaying laminar zones, mapping to a stochastic system.

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Turbulence
  • Phase transitions

Background:

  • Directed percolation (DP) is a universality class for continuous phase transitions.
  • DP has been linked to turbulence in subcritical wall-bounded flows.
  • Canonical flows exhibit discrete turbulent structures (puffs/bands) that self-replicate or laminarize.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the universality of turbulence transition in subcritical shear flows.
  • To explore transition mechanisms beyond discrete structures in plane Couette flow.
  • To map the observed transition onto a stochastic system.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical experiment designed to eliminate discrete turbulent structures in plane Couette flow.
  • Analysis of turbulence proliferation via expanding fronts and decay via laminar zone creation.
  • Mapping the phase transition to a stochastic one-variable system.

Main Results:

  • Plane Couette flow exhibits a simpler transition scenario than canonical flows, without discrete structures.
  • Turbulence proliferates through expanding fronts and decays via spontaneous laminar zone formation.
  • The transition's nature (discontinuous or DP-class continuous) depends on turbulent fluctuation levels.

Conclusions:

  • The transition mechanism in plane Couette flow differs from canonical pipe and planar flows.
  • This finding challenges the universality of discrete structure-mediated turbulence transition.
  • The results have significant implications for understanding turbulence in various hydrodynamic systems.