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Related Concept Videos

Karyotyping01:17

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The process of chromosome duplication during cell division requires genome-wide disruption and re-assembly of chromatin. The chromatin structure must be accurately inherited, reassembled, and maintained in the daughter cells to ensure lineage propagation.
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Other than maintaining genome stability via DNA repair, homologous recombination plays an important role in diversifying the genome. In fact, the recombination of sequences forms the molecular basis of genomic evolution. Random and non-random permutations of genomic sequences create a library of new amalgamated sequences. These newly formed genomes can determine the fitness and survival of cells. In bacteria, homologous and non-homologous types of recombination lead to the evolution of new...
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Crossing over is the exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis I. Genetic recombination gives rise to allelic diversity in the newly formed daughter cells. In humans, crossing over produces genetically distinct haploid egg and sperm cells that undergo fertilization to produce unique offspring. Before cell division starts, the germ cell’s chromosome(s) undergo duplication in the S phase of the cell cycle. As the cells enter prophase I,...
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Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences  access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area. 
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Related Experiment Video

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3D Multicolor DNA FISH Tool to Study Nuclear Architecture in Human Primary Cells
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Exploring the noncoding genome with chromosomal structural rearrangements.

Cynthia Casson Morton1

  • 1Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.

American Journal of Human Genetics
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Summary

This collection celebrates 75 years of human genetics and genomics progress, highlighting advancements presented at the ASHG 2023 Annual Meeting. It showcases the field's accomplishments and future directions.

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Area of Science:

  • Human Genetics
  • Genomics
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • The American Society of Human Genetics (ASHG) was founded in 1948.
  • The field of human genetics and genomics has achieved significant milestones over the past 75 years.
  • The ASHG 2023 Annual Meeting convened experts to discuss the future of the field.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To capture and disseminate key insights from the Distinguished Speakers Symposium at ASHG 2023.
  • To reflect on the historical accomplishments in human genetics and genomics.
  • To explore the future trajectory of human genetics and genomics research and applications.

Main Methods:

  • Content is derived from presentations delivered at the ASHG 2023 Annual Meeting.
  • Focuses on talks from the Distinguished Speakers Symposium.
  • Articles compiled to represent a retrospective and prospective view of the field.

Main Results:

  • The collection underscores the substantial progress in human genetics and genomics since 1948.
  • Keynote presentations offered diverse perspectives on the future of the field.
  • The symposium served as a platform for celebrating scientific achievements and fostering future innovation.

Conclusions:

  • The field of human genetics and genomics is poised for continued rapid advancement.
  • Interdisciplinary collaboration and technological innovation will drive future discoveries.
  • Celebrating past achievements provides a foundation for future exploration in human genetics and genomics.