Updates and Current Challenges in Reproductive Microbiome: A Comparative Analysis between Cows and Women

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Science
• Microbiology
• Animal Reproduction

Background:

• The animal microbiota influences physiological processes, pathogenesis, development, and metabolism.
• Human studies link vaginal microbiota to fertility and assisted reproduction success.
• Limited research exists on healthy bovine reproductive microbiota and its impact on fertility.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the importance of the bovine reproductive microbiota in female animals.
• To explore the literature on its role in enhancing fertility.
• To discuss challenges, future perspectives, and practical applications.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of existing studies on bovine reproductive microbiota.
• Analysis of the relationship between microbiota composition and fertility.
• Exploration of potential manipulation strategies for reproductive improvement.

Main Results:

• Changes in bovine reproductive microbiota composition appear to influence fertility.
• The reproductive microbiota is crucial for optimizing reproductive efficiency in cows.
• Potential exists for using microbiota as a tool for selection or intervention.

Conclusions:

• Understanding the bovine reproductive microbiota is key to improving livestock production efficiency.
• Manipulation of the microbiota could enhance economic profitability and sustainability in farming.
• Future research may enable field applications for optimizing cattle reproduction.