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Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in Adults Diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis: Prevalence and
Mariam Al-Ameri1, Hanan Abu-Shaikh2, Mohammad Mansour3
1Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan.
Abstract:
Background: The relationship between adult ADHD symptoms in People with Multiple Sclerosis (PwMS) is understudied. This study aimed to answer two questions: are PwMS more likely to experience higher ADHD symptoms versus healthy subjects? And what are the correlates of severe ADHD symptoms in PwMS? Methods: This study followed a cross-sectional design with predefined inclusion criteria. The Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale-V1.1 (ASRS) was used to assess the ADHD symptoms severity. Results: Data were analyzed from 171 PwMS and 200 controls. Regression analysis revealed that PwMS were at a significantly (B = 3.05, t = 2.24, 95% CI = 0.37-5.73, p = 0.02) higher risk to report higher ADHD scores versus controls. In addition, PwMS with relapses in the last 6 months and PwMS reporting smartphone addiction were at a significantly higher risk for severe ADHD (B = 7.19, t = 269, 95% CI = 1.91-12.48, p = 0.008) and (B = 9.18, t = 3.47, 95% CI = 3.97-14.41, p = 0.001), respectively. In conclusion, diagnosis with MS in our study was identified as a risk for higher ADHD symptoms. Conclusions: Further research is required to establish this relationship, and holistic medical and psychological interventions are required to improve the cognitive status of PwMS.
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