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The Dynamic Change in the Reliability Function Level in a Selected Fire Alarm System during a Fire.

Jacek Paś1, Tomasz Klimczak2, Adam Rosiński3

  • 1Division of Electronic Systems Exploitations, Institute of Electronic Systems, Faculty of Electronics, Military University of Technology, 2 Gen. S. Kaliski St, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland.

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This study analyzes how fire temperatures affect fire alarm system (FAS) reliability during building fires. Understanding these impacts is crucial for designing dependable fire safety systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Engineering
  • Fire Safety Science
  • Reliability Engineering

Background:

  • Fire alarm systems (FASs) must function reliably during building fires despite environmental challenges.
  • System reliability is a key consideration in designing fire control matrices, algorithms, and scenarios.
  • The fire alarm control unit (FCP) stores critical controls that must maintain a permissible reliability level, RDPN(t).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of high temperatures during fires on the functional reliability of selected fire alarm systems.
  • To analyze critical paths within the fire alarm system's operational process under fire conditions.
  • To develop a model for assessing fire alarm system reliability influenced by fire-generated temperatures.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of critical paths within the fire detection and suppression activation process.
  • Modeling of operational paths using acceptable and unacceptable technical states.
  • Review of the R(t) function waveform changes over time (Δt) to determine fitness paths.
  • Development of a model and graph for the operational process of a selected FAS.

Main Results:

  • High temperatures significantly impact the reliability of fire alarm system functioning.
  • The study identified critical paths affected by fire conditions, particularly in detection and suppression activation.
  • The waveform of the reliability function R(t) changes dynamically with time (Δt) under fire conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Fire alarm system reliability is directly influenced by the temperatures generated during a fire.
  • Designers must consider the impact of fire temperatures on critical system paths for enhanced reliability.
  • The developed model and analysis provide insights for improving the design and implementation of fire alarm systems.