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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

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AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
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Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

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Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used....
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

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Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
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Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Lab01:21

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For AAS measurements, samples must be introduced as clear solutions, often requiring extensive preliminary treatment to dissolve materials like soils, animal tissues, and minerals. Common methods for sample preparation include treatment with hot mineral acids, wet ashing, combustion in closed containers, high-temperature ashing, or fusion with reagents.
 Solutions containing organic solvents, such as low-molecular-mass alcohols, esters, or ketones, enhance absorbances by increasing...
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Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle01:19

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle

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Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the most widely used plasma source in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), also known as Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The ICP source, or torch, consists of three concentric quartz tubes with argon gas flowing through them. A spark from a Tesla coil initiates the ionization of argon, generating a high-temperature plasma.
The ions and electrons produced interact with the fluctuating magnetic field created by a water-cooled...
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Three-dimensional Optical-resolution Photoacoustic Microscopy
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Quartz Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy on Solid Samples.

Judith Falkhofen1,2, Marc-Simon Bahr1,2, Bernd Baumann1

  • 1Heinrich Blasius Institute of Physical Technologies, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, 20999 Hamburg, Germany.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 13, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel photoacoustic cell for Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy (QEPAS) analysis of solid samples. This new QEPAS cell enhances sensitivity and signal amplification for gaseous and solid material analysis.

Keywords:
FE-simulationIRMEMS microphoneQEPAShigher harmonicsphotoacoustic spectroscopyresonator designsolid samplesultrasound

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Area of Science:

  • Spectroscopy
  • Acoustics
  • Laser Technology

Background:

  • Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy (QEPAS) excels in sensitive gaseous sample analysis.
  • Existing QEPAS methods are primarily limited to gas-phase detection.
  • Developing adaptable QEPAS techniques for solid samples is crucial for expanded applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and validate the first photoacoustic (PA) cell specifically for QEPAS analysis of solid samples.
  • To optimize the cell's acoustic properties for enhanced signal detection.
  • To demonstrate the efficacy of the new cell for solid material characterization.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a novel half-open cylindrical photoacoustic cell.
  • Excitation of samples using modulated infrared light from an interband cascade laser (ICL).
  • Utilizing a quartz tuning fork (QTF) for sound wave detection and a 3D finite element (FE) simulation for cell optimization.
  • Experimental verification using an ultrasound micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) microphone.

Main Results:

  • The cylindrical PA cell achieved acoustical resonance matching the QTF frequency, amplifying the PA signal.
  • 3D FE simulations confirmed optimal cell dimensions for the given QTF resonance.
  • Frequency-dependent QEPAS measurements showed low noise and a high-quality factor.
  • QEPAS analysis of three solid synthetics yielded a signal linearly dependent on absorption.

Conclusions:

  • The developed photoacoustic cell is effective for QEPAS analysis of solid samples.
  • The cell design enhances signal amplification and detection sensitivity.
  • This advancement broadens the applicability of QEPAS to solid-state material characterization.