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A Standardized Liquid Biopsy Preanalytical Protocol for Downstream Circulating-Free DNA Applications
Published on: September 16, 2022
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Decoding the Dynamics of Circulating Tumor DNA in Liquid Biopsies
Khadija Turabi1,2, Kelsey Klute2,3, Prakash Radhakrishnan1,2
1Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
Cancers
|July 13, 2024
Summary
Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis offers a non-invasive approach to cancer management. This technology aids in early detection, personalized medicine, and monitoring treatment response, transforming cancer care.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is DNA released from tumors into the bloodstream.
- Understanding ctDNA release mechanisms (necrosis, apoptosis, active secretion) provides insights into tumor biology.
- ctDNA analysis is a rapidly advancing field in oncology.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the biology and clinical applications of ctDNA.
- To highlight methods for ctDNA detection and profiling.
- To discuss the potential of ctDNA in personalized cancer care.
Main Methods:
- Review of literature on ctDNA biology, detection methods, and clinical applications.
- Discussion of DNA profiling techniques including whole genome sequencing, methylation analysis, digital PCR, and targeted next-generation exome sequencing.
- Synthesis of current knowledge on ctDNA's role in cancer management.
Main Results:
- ctDNA analysis enables comprehensive DNA profiling.
- Digital PCR and targeted next-generation exome sequencing enhance mutation detection accuracy due to ctDNA's low abundance.
- Clinical applications include minimal residual disease monitoring, personalized therapy selection, early cancer detection, and treatment response evaluation.
Conclusions:
- ctDNA analysis is a powerful tool for non-invasive cancer management.
- Integrating ctDNA into clinical practice promises improved personalized cancer care from diagnosis through follow-up.
- Further research and clinical integration of ctDNA hold significant potential for advancing oncology.
