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FAdV-4 can cause more noticeable clinical symptoms compared to FAdV-8b after infecting specific pathogen free
Qinqin Sun1, Yajuan Li1, Yunfei Huang1
1School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China.; Foshan University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Foshan University, Foshan, China.
Abstract:
Chickens infected with FAdV-4 and FAdV-8b both exhibit hepatic lesions characterized by hemorrhagic necrosis and intranuclear inclusion body formation. However, only FAdV-4 induces pericardial effusion and acute mortality in chickens. To investigate the similarities and differences in the pathogenicity of HPS and IBH, this study intends to compare the infectivity and pathogenicity of FAdV-4 and FAdV-8b, 2 serotypes of fowl adenovirus isolated in our laboratory. The 2 viruses were respectively inoculated subcutaneously into SPF chicks at the neck. The clinical manifestations and pathological changes in these infected groups of chickens differed to some extent. Chickens infected with FAdV-4 exhibit evident depression and acute mortality, with a mortality rate of 60%; while those infected with FAdV-8b only display mild depression. Postmortem examination reveals serosanguinous effusion in the pericardial sac, spot-like hemorrhage, and focal necrosis in the liver of chickens infected with FAdV-4. Additionally, various degrees of edema are observed in organs such as the lungs, spleen, kidneys, and pancreas. In contrast, chickens infected with FAdV-8b exhibit spot-like hemorrhage and focal necrosis in the liver but do not display pericardial effusion or widespread organ edema. Histopathological examination demonstrates that both FAdV-4 and FAdV-8b can induce inflammatory reactions of varying degrees in the kidneys, pancreas, and duodenum of chickens, while reducing the necrosis of bursa of Fabricius, thymus, and spleen lymphocytes. Our data preliminarily reveal that both FAdV-4 and FAdV-8b can induce strong pathogenicity in chickens.
Insights
Fowl adenovirus serotypes 4 and 8b cause liver damage in chickens, but FAdV-4 is more severe, leading to high mortality and organ swelling. Both viruses show strong pathogenicity.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Avian Pathology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Fowl adenoviruses (FAdVs) are significant pathogens in poultry.
- FAdV-4 and FAdV-8b are serotypes known to cause hepatic lesions.
- Distinct pathogenic profiles between FAdV serotypes necessitate comparative studies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the infectivity and pathogenicity of FAdV-4 and FAdV-8b in specific pathogen-free (SPF) chicks.
- To elucidate the similarities and differences in clinical and pathological outcomes induced by these two FAdV serotypes.
Main Methods:
- Subcutaneous inoculation of SPF chicks with FAdV-4 or FAdV-8b.
- Clinical observation for signs of illness and mortality assessment.
- Postmortem examination and histopathological analysis of affected tissues.
Main Results:
- FAdV-4 induced acute mortality (60%), pericardial effusion, widespread organ edema, and severe hepatic lesions.
- FAdV-8b caused mild depression, hepatic lesions (hemorrhagic necrosis, focal necrosis), but no pericardial effusion or significant edema.
- Both viruses induced inflammatory reactions in kidneys, pancreas, and duodenum, and lymphocyte necrosis in lymphoid organs.
Conclusions:
- FAdV-4 exhibits significantly higher pathogenicity than FAdV-8b, characterized by acute mortality and systemic effects.
- Both FAdV-4 and FAdV-8b are capable of inducing substantial hepatic lesions and affecting lymphoid organs.
- Comparative analysis highlights distinct virulence factors and disease manifestations between FAdV serotypes.
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