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Related Concept Videos

The Phosphorus Cycle01:21

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Unlike carbon, water, and nitrogen, phosphorus is not present in the atmosphere as a gas. Instead, most phosphorus in the ecosystem exists as compounds, such as phosphate ions (PO43-), found in soil, water, sediment and rocks. Phosphorus is often a limiting nutrient (i.e., in short supply). Consequently, phosphorus is added to most agricultural fertilizers, which can cause environmental problems related to runoff in aquatic ecosystems.
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Phosphodiester bond forms when a phosphoric acid molecule (H3PO4) links with two hydroxyl groups (–OH) of two other molecules, forming two ester bonds. Two water molecules are released in this process. The phosphodiester bond is commonly found in nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) and plays a critical role in their structure and function.
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Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids containing a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate attached to a myoinositol sugar ring. The inositol head group extends into the cytoplasm, where it is modified by adding phosphate groups to form phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs.
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High-Throughput Measurement and Classification of Organic P in Environmental Samples
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Dissolved organic phosphorus bond-class utilization by Synechococcus.

Emily M Waggoner1, Kahina Djaoudi1, Julia M Diaz2

  • 1Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, 1007 East Lowell Street, Tucson, Arizona, AZ 85721, United States.

FEMS Microbiology Ecology
|July 13, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Marine cyanobacteria Synechococcus utilize dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) differently based on bond type. Phosphoanhydride bonds are key for Synechococcus nutrition, influencing marine phosphorus cycling.

Keywords:
Synechococcusalkaline phosphatasedissolved organic phosphorusphosphoanhydridephosphoesterphosphonate

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Area of Science:

  • Marine microbiology
  • Biogeochemistry
  • Cyanobacterial nutrition

Background:

  • Dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) is crucial for marine microorganisms.
  • The bioavailability of different DOP bond classes (phosphoester, phosphoanhydride, P-C) to Synechococcus is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the utilization of specific DOP bond classes by Synechococcus strains.
  • To determine the role of phosphoanhydride bonds in Synechococcus phosphorus nutrition.

Main Methods:

  • Culturing Synechococcus strains with various DOP compounds.
  • Measuring growth rates and analyzing exoproteomes.
  • Assessing enzyme activity of phosphorus hydrolases and alkaline phosphatases.

Main Results:

  • Synechococcus strains grew on phosphate, polyphosphates, and ATP, but not on P-C compounds.
  • Variable growth was observed on phosphoesters.
  • Hydrolysis of phosphoanhydride bonds (polyphosphates, ATP) was preferred over phosphoesters.
  • Exoproteomes contained phosphorus hydrolases active on phosphoanhydride bonds, especially under phosphate deficiency.

Conclusions:

  • Compounds with phosphoanhydride bonds play a significant role in Synechococcus phosphorus nutrition.
  • Synechococcus exhibits diverse responses to DOP molecular diversity, impacting marine DOP cycling.