Childhood eczema prevalence in New Zealand using topical corticosteroid dispensing data

Area of Science:

• Paediatric dermatology
• Public health surveillance
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Eczema (atopic dermatitis) is a prevalent chronic inflammatory skin condition in children.
• Understanding national prevalence is crucial for resource allocation and public health initiatives.
• Previous studies may not fully capture current eczema burden in New Zealand's diverse paediatric population.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the national prevalence of eczema among children aged 0-14 years in New Zealand.
• To investigate variations in eczema prevalence across different ethnicities and socioeconomic groups.
• To provide updated, nationwide data on paediatric eczema in New Zealand.

Main Methods:

• A population-based retrospective observational study was conducted.
• Utilised national pharmaceutical dispensing records for topical corticosteroids and emollients.
• Data encompassed all New Zealand children aged 0-14 years from 2006 to 2019.

Main Results:

• In 2018, the overall prevalence of eczema among New Zealand children (0-14 years) was 14.0%.
• Prevalence decreased with age, from 26.0% in infants (<1 year) to 8.8% in older children (10-14 years).
• Pacific children exhibited higher prevalence (23.6%) compared to Māori children (13.2%).

Conclusions:

• Eczema is a common paediatric condition in New Zealand, impacting a significant proportion of children.
• Pacific children face a disproportionately higher burden of eczema.
• Potential inequities in topical corticosteroid dispensing may influence observed prevalence rates in Māori children, warranting further investigation.