2,3 : 6,7-Naphthalene Bis(dicarboximide) Cyclophane: A Photofunctional Host for Ambient Delayed Fluorescence in...

Harvesting triplet excitons of heavy atom-free purely organic chromophores under aerated conditions is challenging due to the quenching of long-lived triplet states by molecular oxygen and vibrational dissipation. Herein, we show a supramolecular approach of triplet harvesting via mitigating quenching pathways of a triplet harvester. Specifically, we used a host-guest system based on 2,3 : 6,7-naphthalene bis(dicarboximide)-derived cyclophane (NBICy) and carbazole derivative (EtCz). Complexation studies and single-crystal X-ray analysis showed the formation of a rigid host-guest complex (K≈10⁴ M^-1 in CCl₄), resulting in triplet-exciton stabilization under aerated conditions via mitigating vibrational interference and oxygen quenching. Photophysical studies elucidate the delayed fluorescence emission from the charge-transfer state (¹CT) with a quantum yield (QY) of 6-8 % under ambient conditions which increased up to 36 % in an inert atmosphere.