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Risk factors associated with underweight in children aged one to two years: a longitudinal study

Sara Manoochehri1, Javad Faradmal2, Jalal Poorolajal3

  • 1Department of Biostatistics, Student Research Committee, PhD Candidate of Biostatistics, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.

BMC Public Health
|July 14, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Maternal factors like education and employment significantly impact child underweight in 1-2 year olds. Addressing maternal characteristics is key to preventing childhood underweight and promoting healthy growth.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Public Health
  • Child Nutrition

Background:

  • Underweight is a significant public health concern in children.
  • This study addresses the critical 1-2 year age group, often underrepresented in research.
  • A longitudinal approach offers unique insights into weight changes over time, unlike cross-sectional designs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify factors associated with underweight in children aged 1-2 years in Hamadan city.
  • To utilize a longitudinal design to understand weight dynamics in this age group.
  • To provide data for targeted interventions to combat childhood underweight.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal study involving 414 mothers and their 1-2 year old children in Hamadan.
  • Data collected from the SIB comprehensive electronic system.
  • A two-level longitudinal ordinal model analyzed weight-for-age criteria (underweight, normal, overweight).

Main Results:

  • Low maternal education, maternal unemployment, and lack of health insurance were significant risk factors for underweight.
  • Maternal height, child's birth weight, and specific child age ranges (12-15 months) were also associated with underweight.
  • Gestational age under 24 weeks was identified as a risk factor.

Conclusions:

  • Maternal characteristics are strongly linked to childhood underweight.
  • Interventions focusing on maternal well-being and socioeconomic factors may help mitigate childhood underweight.
  • This research highlights the importance of a mother-centric approach in pediatric nutrition strategies.
Abstract

Keywords:
Failure to thriveGrowth disordersInfantLow birth weightMultilevel analysisPediatrics

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