Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Force On A Current Loop In A Magnetic Field01:17

Force On A Current Loop In A Magnetic Field

3.2K
Magnetic forces on wires carrying current are most frequently applied in motors. A DC motor is a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical work. In motors, wire loops are enclosed in a magnetic field. When current flows through the loops, the magnetic field applies torque, which causes the shaft to rotate. The direction of the current is reversed once the loop's surface area is lined up with the magnetic field, causing a constant torque on the loop. During the process,...
3.2K
Magnetic Force Between Two Parallel Currents01:13

Magnetic Force Between Two Parallel Currents

3.5K
Two long, straight, and parallel current-carrying conductors exert a force of equal magnitude on one another. The direction of the force depends on the current direction in the conductors.
The force exerted by the magnetic field due to the first conductor over a finite length of the second conductor is given as the product of the current in the second conductor and  the vector product of the length vector along the current element and the field due to the first conductor. According to the...
3.5K
Magnetic Field Of A Current Loop01:16

Magnetic Field Of A Current Loop

4.5K
Consider a circular loop with a radius a, that carries a current I. The magnetic field due to the current at an arbitrary point P along the axis of the loop can be calculated using the Biot-Savart law.
4.5K
Torque On A Current Loop In A Magnetic Field01:13

Torque On A Current Loop In A Magnetic Field

4.0K
The most common application of magnetic force on current-carrying wires is in electric motors. These consist of loops of wire, which are placed between the magnets with a magnetic field. When current flows through the loops, the magnetic field applies torque, which causes the shaft to rotate, thus converting electrical energy to mechanical energy.
Consider a rectangular current-carrying loop containing N turns of wire, placed in a uniform magnetic field. The net force on a current-carrying loop...
4.0K
Potential Due to a Magnetized Object01:24

Potential Due to a Magnetized Object

281
Magnetic dipoles in magnetic materials are aligned when placed under an external magnetic field. For paramagnets and ferromagnets, dipole alignment occurs in the direction of the magnetic field. However, the dipoles align opposite to the field in the case of diamagnets. This state of magnetic polarization due to the external field is called magnetization. Magnetization is defined as the dipole moment per unit volume. It plays a similar role to polarization in electrostatics.
The vector...
281
Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges01:23

Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges

8.6K
A stationary charge creates and interacts with the electric field, while a moving charge creates a magnetic field.
Consider a point charge moving with a constant velocity. Like the electric field, the magnetic field at any point is directly proportional to the magnitude of the charge and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the source point and the field point. However, unlike the electric field, the magnetic field is always perpendicular to the plane containing the line...
8.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Low-input CSF cfDNA shallow whole-genome sequencing for CNV-based diagnosis and monitoring of leptomeningeal metastasis in lung cancer.

Acta neuropathologica communications·2026
Same author

RAREsim2: flexible simulation of rare variant genetic data using real haplotypes.

Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)·2026
Same author

Author Correction: A proteogenomic atlas of 1032 brain metastases identifies molecular subtypes, immune landscapes, and therapeutic vulnerabilities.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

DARE-FUSE: domain aligned evidence guided learning for joint brain tumor MRI segmentation and classification.

NPJ digital medicine·2026
Same author

A proteogenomic atlas of 1032 brain metastases identifies molecular subtypes, immune landscapes, and therapeutic vulnerabilities.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

A causal inference framework for identifying essential genes to enhance drug synergy prediction.

Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2025

Author Spotlight: Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks
06:53

Author Spotlight: Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks

Published on: June 9, 2023

2.0K

Colossal Orbital Current Induced by Gradient Oxidation for High-Efficiency Magnetization Switching.

Xinkai Xu1,2, Dainan Zhang2, Zhimin Liao3

  • 1School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|July 15, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a method to generate large orbital currents using gradient oxidation in Pt/Ta, significantly enhancing spin-orbit torque (SOT) for efficient magnetization switching in low-dissipation electronic devices.

Keywords:
gradient oxidationmagnetization switchingorbital currentspin‐orbit torque

More Related Videos

In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy with Biasing and Fabrication of Asymmetric Crossbars Based on Mixed-Phased a-VOx
09:49

In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy with Biasing and Fabrication of Asymmetric Crossbars Based on Mixed-Phased a-VOx

Published on: May 13, 2020

4.1K
Chemical Vapor Deposition of an Organic Magnet, Vanadium Tetracyanoethylene
08:25

Chemical Vapor Deposition of an Organic Magnet, Vanadium Tetracyanoethylene

Published on: July 3, 2015

11.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2025

Author Spotlight: Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks
06:53

Author Spotlight: Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks

Published on: June 9, 2023

2.0K
In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy with Biasing and Fabrication of Asymmetric Crossbars Based on Mixed-Phased a-VOx
09:49

In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy with Biasing and Fabrication of Asymmetric Crossbars Based on Mixed-Phased a-VOx

Published on: May 13, 2020

4.1K
Chemical Vapor Deposition of an Organic Magnet, Vanadium Tetracyanoethylene
08:25

Chemical Vapor Deposition of an Organic Magnet, Vanadium Tetracyanoethylene

Published on: July 3, 2015

11.5K

Area of Science:

  • Spintronics
  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Orbital angular momentum flow offers a path to low-dissipation electronic devices.
  • Efficient generation and utilization of orbital currents remain a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a method for inducing colossal orbital currents.
  • To enhance spin-orbit torque (SOT) for high-efficiency magnetization switching.

Main Methods:

  • Gradient oxidation of Pt/Ta layers to induce orbital currents.
  • Investigating the orbital Rashba-Edelstein effect.
  • Measuring spin-to-charge conversion efficiency in yttrium iron garnet/Pt/TaOx heterostructures.

Main Results:

  • Gradient oxidation of Ta in Pt/Ta induced colossal orbital currents.
  • Achieved significant enhancement in SOT efficiency (≈600% and 1200% improvement).
  • Minimized critical current density for magnetization switching to 2.26-1.08 × 106 A cm-2, a 12-fold reduction.

Conclusions:

  • Gradient oxidation is an effective strategy for generating colossal orbital currents.
  • This approach enhances SOT and reduces switching current density for spintronic devices.
  • Findings open new avenues for low-dissipation, tunable orbital current devices.