Simulating blood accumulation with improved smoothed particle hydrodynamics in surgical simulation system

Area of Science:

• Medical Simulation
• Computational Fluid Dynamics
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Surgical bleeding necessitates realistic simulation for training and research.
• Accurate simulation of blood accumulation enhances surgical training immersion and understanding of blood flow physics.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a novel method for realistic simulation of blood accumulation in surgical contexts.
• To improve the accuracy and stability of blood flow simulations in surgical training systems.

Main Methods:

• A novel kernel function with non-negative second derivatives was developed to enhance the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method.
• A boundary force equation was formulated to enforce solid boundary conditions for blood simulation.

Main Results:

• Simulations of blood accumulation during liver and vessel bleeding were performed.
• The proposed method successfully prevented blood penetration of simulated boundaries.

Conclusions:

• The developed method provides a convenient way to apply solid boundary conditions to blood simulations.
• This approach effectively eliminates compression instability issues in blood accumulation simulations.