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Related Concept Videos

Implicit Memories01:24

Implicit Memories

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Implicit memories, also known as non-declarative memories, are long-term memories that function outside of conscious awareness. These memories influence behavior and skills without explicit knowledge. This type of memory is evident in tasks like playing tennis, snowboarding, and texting. Implicit memory has three subsystems: procedural memory, conditioning, and priming. This type of memory is essential in various activities, from everyday tasks to specialized skills.
One key aspect of implicit...
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Piaget's Stage 1 of Cognitive Development01:14

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The sensorimotor stage, the initial phase of Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, spans the first two years of a child's life. During this period, infants actively engage with their surroundings, building cognitive awareness through direct interaction with the world. This interaction is primarily based on sensory perception and motor actions, allowing infants to gradually understand basic physical properties and predict how objects interact within their environment.
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Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development emphasizes the role of thinking in a child's learning process, suggesting that children are naturally curious about their environment. His approach to development is discontinuous, proposing that cognitive abilities progress through distinct stages, each with unique characteristics. Central to Piaget's theory is schemata—mental structures that allow individuals to understand and interpret the world.
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A revisionist approach to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development has brought new insights that challenge and reinterpret his established ideas. Piaget proposed that the formal operational stage, emerging in adolescence, represents the culmination of cognitive maturity. During this stage, individuals are said to develop abstract thinking, engage in systematic problem-solving, and show a form of egocentrism, believing others are as preoccupied with their behavior as they are...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2025

The "Motor" in Implicit Motor Sequence Learning: A Foot-stepping Serial Reaction Time Task
10:39

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Differential Aging Effects on Implicit and Explicit Sensorimotor Learning.

Elizabeth Cisneros1,2, Sheer Karny1,2, Richard B Ivry1,2

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|July 15, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aging impairs explicit sensorimotor learning but enhances implicit learning, a dissociation potentially linked to cognitive and sensory changes. This clarifies how aging affects motor skill adaptation.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2025

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Motor Control

Background:

  • Motor control decline is a key aspect of aging.
  • The impact of aging on sensorimotor learning is not well understood due to underpowered studies and complex learning assays.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of aging on explicit and implicit sensorimotor learning.
  • To address inconsistencies in previous research by using a meta-analysis and well-powered experiments.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a meta-analysis of sensorimotor adaptation studies focusing on explicit and implicit components.
  • Performed two well-powered experiments using behavioral tasks to isolate explicit and implicit learning processes in older adults.

Main Results:

  • Older adults showed impaired ability to develop explicit strategies for visuomotor adaptation.
  • Older adults demonstrated enhanced implicit recalibration in response to visuomotor perturbations.

Conclusions:

  • Aging causes a dissociation in sensorimotor learning, impairing explicit strategy use while enhancing implicit adaptation.
  • Age-related declines in reasoning may affect explicit learning, while changes in multisensory integration may influence implicit learning.