Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes
08:58

Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes

Published on: March 3, 2023

6.4K

Genomic Characteristics of an Extensive-Drug-Resistant Clinical Escherichia coli O99 H30 ST38 Recovered from Wound

Ali A Dashti1, Leila Vali2, Sara Shamsah1

  • 1Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kuwait University, Kuwait.

Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research : IJPR
|July 15, 2024
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

This study details an extensively drug-resistant *Escherichia coli* strain (ST38 O99 H30) causing hospital-acquired infections. The isolate exhibits resistance to multiple antibiotics, including colistin, and possesses numerous virulence factors, posing a significant clinical challenge.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genomics
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Antibiotic-resistant *Escherichia coli* is a major cause of hospital-acquired infections worldwide.
  • These infections include urinary tract infections (UTIs), pneumonia, and bloodstream infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the antimicrobial resistance mechanisms and virulence factors of an extensively drug-resistant *E. coli* clinical outbreak strain (C91, ST38).
  • To understand the genetic basis of resistance for preventing its spread in healthcare settings.

Main Methods:

  • Whole-genome sequencing (Illumina MiSeq) was employed to identify multi-locus sequence type, resistance genes, and virulence factors.
  • Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of various antibiotics were determined against the *E. coli* isolate.

Main Results:

  • The *E. coli* C91 isolate was identified as O99 H30 ST38, exhibiting resistance to all tested antibiotics, including colistin (MIC > 32 mg/L), and intermediate resistance to imipenem and meropenem.
  • Genome analysis revealed acquired resistance genes (*mcr*-1, *bla*CTX-M-14, *bla*CTX-M-15, *bla*OXA1), chromosomal mutations (*gyr*A, *par*C, *pmr*B, *amp*C promoter), multidrug efflux pumps (*mdf*(A)), and numerous virulence factors (fimbriae, biofilm, capsule formation).

Conclusions:

  • This *E. coli* isolate possesses a wide array of antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes, belonging to the ST38 O99 H30 lineage.
  • The findings highlight a significant challenge in treating infections caused by such multidrug-resistant pathogens in clinical environments.
Keywords:
Antimicrobial ResistanceColistin ResistanceInsertion SequencesVirulence FactorsWhole Genome Sequencing

More Related Videos

Characterization of a Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strain Derived from Oreochromis spp. Farms Using Whole-Genome Sequencing09:44

Characterization of a Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strain Derived from Oreochromis spp. Farms Using Whole-Genome Sequencing

Published on: December 23, 2022

2.2K
Detection of Horizontal Gene Transfer Mediated by Natural Conjugative Plasmids in E. coli06:56

Detection of Horizontal Gene Transfer Mediated by Natural Conjugative Plasmids in E. coli

Published on: March 24, 2023

5.3K

Related Concept Videos

Development of Antibiotic Resistance01:30

Development of Antibiotic Resistance

Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
Bacterial Gastroenteritis01:18

Bacterial Gastroenteritis

Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid receptor...
Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA01:25

Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA

Antibiotic resistance in bacteria arises when microorganisms evolve the ability to withstand drugs designed to kill them or inhibit their growth, rendering once-effective treatments useless. This phenomenon, driven by genetic change and selection under antibiotic exposure, poses a profound threat to modern medicine. Mechanisms include drug-inactivating enzymes (e.g., β-lactamases), efflux pumps that eject antibiotics, mutations altering antibiotic targets, decreased drug uptake, and acquisition...
Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance01:25

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within the One...