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Updated: Jun 21, 2025

Noninvasive Determination of Vortex Formation Time Using Transesophageal Echocardiography During Cardiac Surgery
Published on: November 28, 2018
Transesophageal echocardiography related complications
Linyue Zhang1,2,3, Yuji Xie1,2,3, Zhaoli Ren1,2,3
1Department of Ultrasound, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Abstract:
Transesophageal Echocardiography (TEE) is an important imaging method for the evaluation of cardiac structure and function, and it holds significant value in the clinical management of cardiovascular diseases. Unlike transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), which is non-invasive, TEE involves semi-invasive intracavity operations, leading to increasing attention to its safety and potential complications. Especially with the increasing demand for TEE applications in clinical practice and the rapid growth in the number of facilities utilizing it, the standardized application and safe operation of TEE technology have become particularly crucial. This article will review the literature and draw upon personal experience to analyze the complications and safety of TEE examinations from a technical perspective.
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