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Effects of Acute Sleep Deprivation on Sporting Performance in Athletes: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and
Mingjun Gong1, Min Sun1, Yaqi Sun2
1Sports Training College, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
Nature and Science of Sleep
|July 15, 2024
Summary
Acute sleep deprivation significantly harms athletic performance, especially partial deprivation at night. Afternoon performance declines more than morning performance after sleep loss.
Area of Science:
- Sports Science
- Exercise Physiology
- Sleep Research
Background:
- Acute sleep deprivation is common among athletes.
- Understanding its impact on performance is crucial for training and competition strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantitatively evaluate the effects of acute sleep deprivation on various aspects of athletic performance.
- To provide scientific guidance for optimizing training and competition schedules.
Main Methods:
- A meta-analysis was conducted on 27 studies.
- Data from 75 indicators were analyzed using Stata 14.0.
- Searches were performed in Chinese and English databases.
Main Results:
- Overall athletic performance decreased by -0.56 (P<0.05) due to acute sleep deprivation.
- Partial sleep deprivation at the end of the night had the largest negative effect size (-1.17, P<0.05).
- High-intensity intermittent exercise, skill control, speed, aerobic endurance, and explosive power were all negatively impacted.
Conclusions:
- Acute sleep deprivation significantly impairs overall athletic performance.
- The timing and type of sleep deprivation influence the magnitude of performance decline.
- Athletes' performance is worse in the afternoon compared to the morning after sleep deprivation.
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