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Updated: Jun 21, 2025

Cell Co-culture Patterning Using Aqueous Two-phase Systems
Published on: March 26, 2013
Recent advances in drug delivery applications of aqueous two-phase systems
Mojhdeh Baghbanbashi1, Hadi Shaker Shiran2, Ashok Kakkar3
1Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, 610 Purdue Mall, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Abstract:
Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs) are liquid-liquid equilibria between two aqueous phases that usually contain over 70% water content each, which results in a nontoxic organic solvent-free environment for biological compounds and biomolecules. ATPSs have attracted significant interest in applications for formulating carriers (microparticles, nanoparticles, hydrogels, and polymersomes) which can be prepared using the spontaneous phase separation of ATPSs as a driving force, and loaded with a wide range of bioactive materials, including small molecule drugs, proteins, and cells, for delivery applications. This review provides a detailed analysis of various ATPSs, including strategies employed for particle formation, polymerization of droplets in ATPSs, phase-guided block copolymer assemblies, and stimulus-responsive carriers. Processes for loading various bioactive payloads are discussed, and applications of these systems for drug delivery are summarized and discussed.
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