Activation of reparative processes of chronic wounds using photobiomodulation therapy (experimental study)

Aim: The aim of the work was to study the ef f ect of photobiomodulation therapy on the regulation of disorders in the healing of chronic wounds at the remodeling stage using indicators of platelet aggregation activity, reactive oxygen species, platelet-derived growth factor, and interleukin-1β.

Materials and Methods: The study included 3 groups of Wistar rats: intact animals and animals of the control and experimental groups, for which chronic wounds were simulated. Rats in the experimental group received photobiomodulation therapy once a day for 5 days. Wound defects of animals in the control group were fictitiously irradiated. The levels of reactive oxygen species, platelet-derived growth factor, and interleukin-1β in the blood serum of animals were studied by enzyme immunoassay. The functional activity of platelets was measured on a computerized platelet aggregation analyzer using the turbidimetric method. Histological studies were carried out.

Results: Changes in the expression of the studied indicators were found in the blood serum of animals with chronic wounds when using photobiomodulation therapy: an increase in platelet-derived growth factor concentrations, the levels of reactive oxygen species and interleukin-1β did not have statistically signif i cant differences compared to the corresponding indicators of animals in the control group. There were no significant differences in the indicators of platelet aggregation activity in the control and experimental groups of animals.

Conclusions: The findings suggest that photobiomodulation therapy may promote wound healing by increasing platelet-derived growth factor levels. Histological studies have shown that using photobiomodulation therapy helps reduce inflammation and better organization of collagen fibers in animals of the experimental group.