Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)00:53

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)

1.9K
Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
Similar to cross-metathesis, ADMET also involves the formation of metallacyclobutane intermediate by [2+2] cycloaddition of one of the double bonds of a terminal diene with...
1.9K
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview01:13

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview

2.1K
Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
Ruthenium-based Grubbs catalyst is the most commonly used catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Grubbs catalyst consists...
2.1K
Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters

2.2K
The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the...
2.2K
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

2.1K
The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
2.1K
Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes02:35

Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes

7.8K
The conversion of alkenes to macromolecules called polymers is a reaction of high commercial importance. The structure of the polymer is defined by a repeating unit, while the terminal groups are considered insignificant. The average degree of polymerization represents the number of repeating units in the polymer molecule and is denoted by the subscript n.
7.8K
Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

3.4K
Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
3.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The Box: A Message from the Heart in 55 Words.

Methodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal·2026
Same author

A polymer that reinforces luminal barrier function and attenuates inflammation in murine colitis.

Research square·2026
Same author

Sequence-Structure-Property Relationships in Short-Chain Polyesters: How Primary Structure Governs Macroscopic Performance.

Macromolecules·2026
Same author

Addition and Correction to "Thermo-Transitioning Core-Shell Microgels Combine Cohesive Reinforcement and Noncohesive Reconfigurability to Enable 3D Bioprinting and Stabilize Tissues During Incubation<i>"</i>.

ACS biomaterials science & engineering·2026
Same author

Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain-Transfer Aqueous Emulsion Polymerization Observed by Transmission Electron Microscopy.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Thermo-Transitioning Core-Shell Microgels Combine Cohesive Reinforcement and Noncohesive Reconfigurability to Enable 3D Bioprinting and Stabilize Tissues During Incubation.

ACS biomaterials science & engineering·2026
Same journal

Incorporation of Engineered Cu<sup>0</sup>/Cu<sup>+</sup> Interfaces in Metal-Organic Frameworks for Boosting CO<sub>2</sub> Hydrogenation to Methanol.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same journal

Planar Chiral Carbazole-Naphthalene Bisimide Hetero-Cyclophane for Circularly Polarized Delayed Fluorescence.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same journal

Charge-Transfer Exciton Flows: Red Luminescent Zn<sub>8</sub>D<sub>14</sub>A<sub>4</sub> Nanotubes.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same journal

Au(III) Complexes as Pyroptosis Inducers by Targeting Mitochondrial DNA for Tumor Immunity.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same journal

Suppressing Interfacial-Accelerated Degradation in Perovskite Solar Cells via Supramolecular Co-Assembly.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same journal

Isolation and Reactivity of a Stannabismuthene.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2025

Microwave-assisted Functionalization of Polyethylene glycol and On-resin Peptides for Use in Chain Polymerizations and Hydrogel Formation
15:33

Microwave-assisted Functionalization of Polyethylene glycol and On-resin Peptides for Use in Chain Polymerizations and Hydrogel Formation

Published on: October 29, 2013

28.9K

Mechanochemically Promoted Functionalization of Postconsumer Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) and Poly(α-Methylstyrene) for

James B Young1, Sofia L Goodrich1, James A Lovely1

  • 1George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, 32611, Gainesville, FL, United States.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|July 15, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel mechanochemical method for efficient polymer depolymerization. The technique uses ultrasonic waves to break down plastics like PMMA and PAMS into reusable monomers, tackling persistent plastic waste.

Keywords:
Chemical RecyclingDepolymerizationMechanochemistry

More Related Videos

Fabricating Degradable Thermoresponsive Hydrogels on Multiple Length Scales via Reactive Extrusion, Microfluidics, Self-assembly, and Electrospinning
12:07

Fabricating Degradable Thermoresponsive Hydrogels on Multiple Length Scales via Reactive Extrusion, Microfluidics, Self-assembly, and Electrospinning

Published on: April 16, 2018

13.4K
Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Functionalized Vinyl Monomers Using Perylene as a Visible Light Photocatalyst
06:49

Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Functionalized Vinyl Monomers Using Perylene as a Visible Light Photocatalyst

Published on: April 22, 2016

11.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2025

Microwave-assisted Functionalization of Polyethylene glycol and On-resin Peptides for Use in Chain Polymerizations and Hydrogel Formation
15:33

Microwave-assisted Functionalization of Polyethylene glycol and On-resin Peptides for Use in Chain Polymerizations and Hydrogel Formation

Published on: October 29, 2013

28.9K
Fabricating Degradable Thermoresponsive Hydrogels on Multiple Length Scales via Reactive Extrusion, Microfluidics, Self-assembly, and Electrospinning
12:07

Fabricating Degradable Thermoresponsive Hydrogels on Multiple Length Scales via Reactive Extrusion, Microfluidics, Self-assembly, and Electrospinning

Published on: April 16, 2018

13.4K
Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Functionalized Vinyl Monomers Using Perylene as a Visible Light Photocatalyst
06:49

Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Functionalized Vinyl Monomers Using Perylene as a Visible Light Photocatalyst

Published on: April 22, 2016

11.8K

Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Sustainable Chemistry

Background:

  • Conventional depolymerization methods struggle with ultra-high molecular weight (UHMW) polymers.
  • Persistent, non-degradable plastics pose significant environmental challenges.
  • Efficient recycling of plastics like poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and poly(α-methylstyrene) (PAMS) is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a post-polymerization functionalization method for efficient bulk depolymerization.
  • To enable the recovery of high-purity monomers from recalcitrant polymers.
  • To establish a scalable and efficient depolymerization strategy for plastic waste.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing ultrasonic-induced chain-scission for mechanochemical macro-radical generation.
  • Employing N-hydroxyphthalimide methacrylate (PhthMA) for polymer chain-end functionalization.
  • Applying the functionalization strategy to PMMA and PAMS for bulk depolymerization.

Main Results:

  • Achieved up to 82% depolymerization of PMMA and PAMS within 30 minutes.
  • Recovered high-purity monomers suitable for repolymerization.
  • Demonstrated high efficiency with ultra-high molecular weight (UHMW) polymers.
  • Successfully depolymerized commercial cell cast PMMA from post-consumer waste.

Conclusions:

  • The PhthMA-promoted mechanochemical depolymerization is effective for PMMA and PAMS.
  • This method offers a promising solution for recycling persistent plastic materials.
  • The approach is efficient for UHMW polymers and applicable to post-consumer plastic waste.