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Related Concept Videos

Phase-lead and Phase-lag Controllers01:22

Phase-lead and Phase-lag Controllers

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Understanding the working function of different types of controllers can be illustrated with practical analogies, such as adjusting a stereo's volume equalizer. Cranking up the bass involves a phase-lead controller, which functions as a high-pass filter, while increasing the treble uses a phase-lag controller, which acts as a low-pass filter. PD controllers, similar to high-pass filters, enhance the system's response to high-frequency components. PI controllers, akin to low-pass...
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Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lag Control01:21

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lag Control

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Phase-lag controllers are widely used in control systems to improve stability and reduce steady-state errors. A dimmer switch controlling the brightness of a light bulb serves as a practical example of phase-lag control, gradually adjusting the bulb's brightness. Mathematically, phase-lag control or low-pass filtering is represented when the factor 'a' is less than 1.
Phase-lag controllers do not place a pole at zero, but instead influence the steady-state error by amplifying any...
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Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control01:24

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control

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Phase-lead controllers are commonly used in various control systems to enhance response speed and stability. Adjusting the brightness on a television screen offers a practical example of phase-lead control. When contrast is enhanced, a phase-lead controller is employed. Mathematically, phase-lead control is identified when the first parameter is smaller than the second.
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Active Filters01:25

Active Filters

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Active filters are electronic circuits that use operational amplifiers (op-amps), resistors, and capacitors to filter out unwanted frequency components from a signal. A first-order low-pass active filter is designed to pass signals with a frequency lower than a certain cutoff frequency and attenuate frequencies higher than that cutoff frequency. The transfer function for a first-order low-pass active filter is:
814

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2025

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator
08:39

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Published on: January 28, 2019

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Phase-tuned acousto-optic spatial filter.

Konstantin B Yushkov, Alexander I Chizhikov, Dmitry V Obydennov

    Optics Letters
    |July 15, 2024
    PubMed
    Summary

    A novel acousto-optic tunable filter enables precise laser beam shaping by controlling acoustic waves. This technology generates tunable bottle beams and dual-ring intensity patterns for advanced optical applications.

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Acousto-Optics
    • Laser Physics

    Background:

    • Laser beam shaping (LBS) is crucial for various optical applications.
    • Traditional methods for LBS can be complex and limited in tunability.
    • Acousto-optic (AO) devices offer dynamic control over light propagation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To design and fabricate an acousto-optic tunable filter for advanced laser beam shaping.
    • To investigate the acoustic beam steering effect for controlling optical output.
    • To demonstrate the generation of specific beam profiles like bottle beams and dual-ring distributions.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of a novel acousto-optic tunable filter incorporating a phase-controlled dual-section piezoelectric transducer.
    • Experimental setup to analyze the two-dimensional transfer function of the AO filter.

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  • Observation and characterization of the acoustic beam steering effect.

    • Main Results:

    • Experimental observation of the splitting of the two-dimensional transfer function due to acoustic beam steering.
    • Successful demonstration of generating tunable bottle laser beams.
    • Generation of dual-ring intensity distributions in the diffracted laser beam.

    Conclusions:

    • The designed acousto-optic tunable filter with a phase-controlled transducer is effective for laser beam shaping.
    • The acoustic beam steering effect provides a viable mechanism for controlling beam characteristics.
    • This technology enables the creation of complex and tunable beam profiles for diverse applications.