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Can Eccentric-Only Resistance Training Decrease Passive Muscle Stiffness While Increasing Size and Strength of

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Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
|July 16, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Eccentric-only resistance training with long muscle lengths (LL) can decrease hamstring muscle stiffness. Performing this training three times weekly enhanced strength and muscle size, suggesting a novel approach to improving muscle properties.

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Muscle Physiology
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Empirical evidence suggests resistance training increases passive muscle stiffness.
  • Recent findings indicate eccentric-only resistance exercise at long muscle lengths (LL) can acutely decrease hamstring passive stiffness.
  • The chronic effects of varying weekly frequencies of this training modality remain under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the chronic effects of eccentric-only resistance training with LL on the passive stiffness of biarticular hamstring muscles.
  • To compare the effects of two versus three weekly training sessions on passive muscle stiffness.
  • To assess changes in muscle strength and size in response to the training intervention.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty-six healthy young males were divided into two training groups (2 or 3 sessions/week) and a control group.
  • Training involved eccentric-only stiff-leg deadlifts at LL for 10 weeks.
  • Measurements included hamstring shear moduli, knee flexion isometric torque, and muscle volumes before and after training.

Main Results:

  • The semimembranosus muscle shear modulus significantly decreased by 11.4% in the 3-session/week group.
  • No significant changes in hamstring muscle stiffness were observed in the 2-session/week or control groups.
  • Both training groups showed significant increases in isometric knee flexion torque and semimembranosus muscle volume.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic eccentric-only resistance training with LL, particularly at a higher weekly frequency, can reduce passive muscle stiffness.
  • This training approach shows promise for decreasing muscle stiffness while simultaneously enhancing muscle strength and size.
  • The findings suggest a potential new strategy for optimizing muscle function and physical performance.