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Microproteins/micropeptides dysregulation contributes to cancer progression and development: A mechanistic review

Paul Rodrigues1, Harun Bangali2, Eyhab Ali3

  • 1Department of Computer Engineering, College of Computer Science, King Khalid University, Al-Faraa, Asir-Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Cell Biology International
|July 16, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Microproteins are small molecules crucial for cellular functions, including DNA repair. Dysregulated microproteins are implicated in cancer progression and multidrug resistance, offering potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Microproteins (micropeptides) are small proteins encoded by short open reading frames.
  • They are essential components of the human proteome, involved in DNA repair, mitochondrial respiration, and signaling pathways.
  • Dysregulated microprotein expression is linked to various malignancies and tumor progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted roles of microproteins in tumorigenesis.
  • To explore the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of microproteins in cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on microproteins in cancer.
  • Analysis of microprotein interactions with enzymes and signal transducers.
  • Examination of microprotein involvement in malignant cell metabolism, proliferation, metastasis, and drug resistance.

Main Results:

  • Microproteins interact with key proteins like adenosine triphosphate synthase and c-Jun.
  • They regulate critical cancer processes including metabolism, proliferation, and metastasis.
  • Microproteins play a significant role in multidrug resistance through DNA repair pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Microproteins are integral to cancer development and progression.
  • Their dysregulation presents significant opportunities for cancer diagnostics and therapeutics.
Keywords:
cancerdrug resistancemetastasismicropeptidemicroprotein

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