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Published on: August 11, 2008
Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Colonization in Patients Admitted to Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta, Indonesia
Selvi Nafisa Shahab1, Anis Karuniawati, Omar Mukhtar Syarif
1Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia - Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.. selvi.nafisa91@ui.ac.id.
Background:
Antibiotic resistance is the main problem in infectious disease management. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria could be carried by admitted patients and become a source of spread in the hospital, causing infections in other patients or the patients themselves. However, the screening of MDR bacteria has not been a standard in developing countries. This study aimed to get the prevalence of MDR bacteria colonization in patients on admission to Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital.
Methods:
Selective liquid media with added antibiotics were used for culturing the MDR bacteria. While admitted to the hospital, subjects were sampled and interviewed to fill out a questionnaire. The screening specimens used for this study were throat, navel, rectal, nasal, and armpit swabs. During hospitalization, hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) were recorded.
Results:
Of 100 patients included in the study, the prevalence of MDR bacteria colonization on admission was 63% (n=63) with the prevalence of CR-GNB, ESBL-PE, and MRSA were 11%, 54%, and 11%, respectively. Two-thirds of the patients with HAIs (n=8/12) were colonized with MDR bacteria. Factors associated with MDR bacteria colonization were the recent use of invasive medical devices and comorbidity, while a factor associated with CR-GNB colonization was the recent use of antibiotics.
Conclusion:
The prevalence of MDR bacteria colonization in patients on admission to Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital in 2022 was 63% (n=63), of which 12.68% (n=8) experienced HAIs during hospitalization. MDR bacteria colonization was associated with the recent use of invasive medical devices and comorbidity. History of antibiotic use was associated with CR-GNB colonization.
Insights
A high prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria (63%) was found in patients upon hospital admission. MDR bacteria colonization was linked to invasive devices and comorbidities, with some cases leading to hospital-acquired infections (HAIs).
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Antibiotic resistance poses a significant challenge in managing infectious diseases.
- Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria carried by admitted patients can lead to hospital-associated infections.
- Standardized screening for MDR bacteria is lacking in many developing countries.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of MDR bacteria colonization in patients upon admission to Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital.
- To identify factors associated with MDR bacteria colonization and hospital-acquired infections (HAIs).
Main Methods:
- Culturing of MDR bacteria from throat, navel, rectal, nasal, and armpit swabs using selective liquid media with antibiotics.
- Patient interviews to gather data on medical history and potential risk factors.
- Recording of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) during the hospitalization period.
Main Results:
- The prevalence of MDR bacteria colonization on admission was 63% among 100 patients.
- Specific MDR bacteria prevalence included Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (CR-GNB) at 11%, Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) at 54%, and Methicillin-resistant *Staphylococcus aureus* (MRSA) at 11%.
- MDR bacteria colonization was associated with recent use of invasive medical devices and comorbidities; recent antibiotic use was linked to CR-GNB colonization.
Conclusions:
- A significant 63% prevalence of MDR bacteria colonization was observed in patients admitted to the hospital.
- Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) occurred in 8 out of 12 patients with HAIs who were colonized with MDR bacteria.
- Invasive medical device use and comorbidities are significant risk factors for MDR bacteria colonization.
