Case Report: Disseminated Tuberculosis After Kidney Transplantation

Tuberculosis (TB) can cause significant morbidity and mortality among solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients, including disseminated disease. Most TB cases after SOT occur in kidney transplant recipients, although data about TB in this population are sparse. Tuberculosis may present atypically in immunocompromised patients, underscoring why physicians must maintain high clinical suspicion when pertinent epidemiological risk factors are present, including birth or former residence in a country with endemic TB. We describe a unique case of disseminated TB in a 54-year-old Filipino woman who developed central nervous system tuberculoma, Pott's disease, chorioretinitis, and a perinephric fluid collection after kidney transplantation. Despite being a preventable and curable disease, TB remains a relevant and challenging infection with complex diagnostic and treatment guidelines.