Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 21, 2025
Stereotactic Adoptive Transfer of Cytotoxic Immune Cells in Murine Models of Orthotopic Human Glioblastoma Multiforme Xenografts
Published on: September 1, 2018
Vaccine-based immunotherapy and related preclinical models for glioma
Longping Yao1, Maryam Hatami1, Wenbin Ma2
1Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
Abstract:
Glioma, the most common primary malignant tumor in the central nervous system (CNS), lacks effective treatments, and >60% of cases are glioblastoma (GBM), the most aggressive form. Despite advances in immunotherapy, GBM remains highly resistant. Approaches that target tumor antigens expedite the development of immunotherapies, including personalized tumor-specific vaccines, patient-specific target selection, dendritic cell (DC) vaccines, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) and T cell receptor (TCR) T cells. Recent studies show promising results in treating GBM and lower-grade glioma (LGG), fostering hope for future immunotherapy. This review discusses tumor vaccines against glioma, preclinical models in immunological research, and the role of CD4+ T cells in vaccine-induced antitumor immunity. We also summarize clinical approaches, challenges, and future research for creating more effective vaccines.
Insights
Glioma immunotherapy faces challenges, especially glioblastoma (GBM). Tumor antigen-targeting vaccines show promise for effective glioma treatment, particularly involving CD4+ T cells.
Area of Science:
- Neuro-oncology
- Immunology
- Cancer Research
Background:
- Glioma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor, with glioblastoma (GBM) being the most aggressive subtype.
- Despite immunotherapy advancements, GBM exhibits significant resistance to current treatments.
- Targeting tumor antigens is crucial for developing effective immunotherapies against glioma.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review tumor vaccines for glioma treatment.
- To discuss preclinical models and the role of CD4+ T cells in vaccine-induced immunity.
- To summarize clinical strategies, challenges, and future directions for glioma immunotherapy.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on glioma vaccines and immunotherapy.
- Analysis of preclinical models for immunological research in glioma.
- Examination of the role of CD4+ T cells in anti-glioma immune responses.
Main Results:
- Tumor antigen-targeting strategies are accelerating immunotherapy development for glioma.
- Personalized vaccines, dendritic cell (DC) vaccines, and CAR/TCR T cells show potential.
- Recent studies indicate promising results for both GBM and lower-grade glioma (LGG).
Conclusions:
- Glioma immunotherapy, particularly for GBM, remains a significant challenge.
- Vaccine-based approaches targeting tumor antigens offer a promising avenue for future treatments.
- Further research into CD4+ T cell roles and clinical strategies is essential for enhancing vaccine efficacy.
Related Concept Videos
01:27Tumor Immunotherapy
01:30Cancer Vaccines
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...