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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2025

Non-aqueous Electrode Processing and Construction of Lithium-ion Coin Cells
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Blockchain-enabled architecture for lead acid battery circularity.

Deepika Choudhary1, Kuldip Singh Sangwan2, Arpit Singh1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani, Rajasthan, 333031, India.

Scientific Reports
|July 16, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a blockchain system to improve lead-acid battery (LAB) recycling. It ensures a traceable and transparent collection and treatment process for battery waste, promoting circularity.

Keywords:
BlockchainHazardous and critical materialsLead acid batteryMaterial circularitySupply chainTraceability

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Materials Science
  • Computer Science

Background:

  • Lead-acid batteries (LABs) generate millions of tons of hazardous waste globally.
  • Inefficient collection in developing countries leads to informal, unsafe recycling practices.
  • Environmental and health risks associated with improper LAB waste management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a blockchain-enabled architecture for enhanced lead-acid battery circularity.
  • To create an authentic, traceable, and transparent system for battery collection and treatment.
  • To support extended producer responsibility and sustainable consumption.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a blockchain-enabled architecture integrating stakeholders (manufacturers, distributors, users, validators).
  • Implementation of a mobile application for user interface and ease of adoption.
  • Authentic tracing of batteries from manufacturing to end-of-life recycling.

Main Results:

  • The proposed architecture ensures an authentic and transparent system for battery lifecycle management.
  • Stakeholders are integrated into a circular loop via a blockchain network.
  • Mobile application facilitates stakeholder interaction and data accessibility.

Conclusions:

  • The blockchain architecture enhances the traceability and transparency of lead-acid battery waste management.
  • It supports responsible consumption and production by improving extended producer responsibility.
  • This system is crucial for managing hazardous battery waste and promoting a circular economy.