Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drug Discovery: Overview01:26

Drug Discovery: Overview

7.7K
Drug discovery is a multifaceted process involving extensive screening, testing, and optimization of lead compounds to identify potential new drugs for therapeutic use. It combines several approaches, including screening large numbers of natural products, chemical modification of known active molecules, identification of new drug targets, and rational design based on biological mechanisms and drug-receptor structure. These approaches are carried out in both academic research laboratories and...
7.7K
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

156
Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
156
Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management01:29

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management

124
Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
124
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF01:24

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF

127
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab...
127
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy

331
Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
331

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Patient-specific modeling identifies metabolic interventions for reversing glucose use reprogramming in alcohol-associated hepatitis.

Communications biology·2026
Same author

Enabling Plasmid-Based Expression in <i>Clostridium kluyveri</i> Using a Biparental Methylation-Conjugation System.

ACS synthetic biology·2026
Same author

Multicriteria evaluation of ethylene glycol assimilation pathways.

Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology·2026
Same author

Model-Based Optimization of a qCRISPRi Circuit for Dynamic Control of Metabolic Pathways.

ACS synthetic biology·2025
Same author

Modeling reveals a metabolic basis of competition among <i>Dehalobacter</i> strains during tandem chloroform and dichloromethane metabolism.

mSystems·2025
Same author

CPI-Pred: A deep learning framework for predicting functional parameters of compound-protein interactions.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2025

Investigating Target Gene Function in a CD40 Agonistic Antibody-induced Colitis Model using CRISPR/Cas9-based Technologies
09:08

Investigating Target Gene Function in a CD40 Agonistic Antibody-induced Colitis Model using CRISPR/Cas9-based Technologies

Published on: June 2, 2021

1.8K

FOCUS on NOD2: Advancing IBD Drug Discovery with a User-Informed Machine Learning Framework.

Ruhi Choudhary1, Radhakrishnan Mahadevan1

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada.

ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters
|July 17, 2024
PubMed
Summary

The Framework for Optimized Customizable User-Informed Synthesis (FOCUS) is a new machine learning model for drug discovery. It uses expert knowledge and AI to generate novel drug candidates, improving efficiency and drug-like properties.

More Related Videos

DNBS/TNBS Colitis Models: Providing Insights Into Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Effects of Dietary Fat
09:04

DNBS/TNBS Colitis Models: Providing Insights Into Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Effects of Dietary Fat

Published on: February 27, 2014

47.3K
Non-invasive Assessment of the Efficacy of New Therapeutics for Intestinal Pathologies Using Serial Endoscopic Imaging of Live Mice
09:01

Non-invasive Assessment of the Efficacy of New Therapeutics for Intestinal Pathologies Using Serial Endoscopic Imaging of Live Mice

Published on: March 10, 2015

10.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2025

Investigating Target Gene Function in a CD40 Agonistic Antibody-induced Colitis Model using CRISPR/Cas9-based Technologies
09:08

Investigating Target Gene Function in a CD40 Agonistic Antibody-induced Colitis Model using CRISPR/Cas9-based Technologies

Published on: June 2, 2021

1.8K
DNBS/TNBS Colitis Models: Providing Insights Into Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Effects of Dietary Fat
09:04

DNBS/TNBS Colitis Models: Providing Insights Into Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Effects of Dietary Fat

Published on: February 27, 2014

47.3K
Non-invasive Assessment of the Efficacy of New Therapeutics for Intestinal Pathologies Using Serial Endoscopic Imaging of Live Mice
09:01

Non-invasive Assessment of the Efficacy of New Therapeutics for Intestinal Pathologies Using Serial Endoscopic Imaging of Live Mice

Published on: March 10, 2015

10.0K

Area of Science:

  • Artificial Intelligence in Medicinal Chemistry
  • Machine Learning for Drug Design
  • Computational Drug Discovery

Background:

  • Drug discovery is a complex and lengthy process.
  • Generative machine learning models offer potential to accelerate candidate identification.
  • Integrating domain expertise into AI models can improve drug design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce the Framework for Optimized Customizable User-Informed Synthesis (FOCUS) model.
  • Demonstrate FOCUS's capability in generating optimized drug candidates.
  • Highlight the model's interpretability and user-feedback integration.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) to guide Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS).
  • Generated SMILES representations of potential drug candidates.
  • Incorporated domain expertise and user-feedback for iterative refinement.
  • Employed SHAP and LIME for model interpretability.

Main Results:

  • Generated drug candidates with optimized druggability and binding efficacy for NOD2, PEP, and MCT1 receptors.
  • Demonstrated improved interaction profiles compared to Muramyl Dipeptide (MDP).
  • Provided transparent analysis of model decision-making processes.

Conclusions:

  • FOCUS effectively merges machine learning with expert insight for accelerated drug discovery.
  • The model's interpretability enhances user trust and allows for expert-driven adjustments.
  • FOCUS represents a significant advancement in computational approaches to drug development.