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Are Brachycephalic Dogs Really Cute? Evidence from Online Descriptions.

Elizabeth S Paul1, Emily Coombe1, Paul D McGreevy2

  • 1Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Langford, UK.

Anthrozoos
|July 17, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Brachycephalic (short-muzzled) dogs are often advertised as "cute," especially when young. However, small dog size is a stronger predictor of "cute" and similar word usage in online ads than muzzle length.

Keywords:
Brachycephaliccutedoghuman–animal interactionkindchenschema

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Area of Science:

  • Animal behavior and welfare
  • Canine genetics and conformation
  • Consumer perception and marketing

Background:

  • Increasing popularity of brachycephalic (short-muzzled) dog breeds.
  • High incidence of health issues and mortality in brachycephalic breeds.
  • Hypothesized link between perceived "cuteness" and breed popularity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if short-muzzled (brachycephalic) breeds are disproportionately advertised as "cute."
  • To analyze the influence of muzzle length, age, and size on descriptive word usage in dog advertisements.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of over 43,000 online advertisements for dogs and puppies.
  • Categorization of breeds based on cranio-facial ratio (brachycephalic vs. non-brachycephalic).
  • Statistical analysis of word usage ('cute,' 'adorable,' 'sweet') in relation to breed characteristics and age.

Main Results:

  • Younger dogs and brachycephalic breeds were more likely to be advertised as 'cute' and 'adorable.'
  • Small dog size was a stronger predictor for the use of 'cute,' 'adorable,' and 'sweet' than muzzle length.
  • Adult brachycephalic dogs did not show a significant association with 'cute' or 'adorable,' but 'sweet' was used more for longer-muzzled breeds.

Conclusions:

  • Partial support for the assertion that short-muzzled dogs are perceived as 'cute.'
  • Small size is a more significant factor than muzzle length in the use of 'cute' and synonyms in advertising.
  • Marketing language reflects perceived aesthetic traits, potentially influencing breed popularity despite health concerns.