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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2025

Characterization of Molecular Mechanisms of In vivo UVR Induced Cataract
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Research progress on the correlation between cataract occurrence and nutrition.

Yi Zhang1, Xiang Qin1, Tianyu Xu1

  • 1The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China.

Frontiers in Nutrition
|July 17, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Diet and nutrition significantly impact cataract development. A balanced diet rich in antioxidants and protein may prevent cataracts, while high sodium and carbohydrate intake could increase risk.

Keywords:
cataractinflammatory factorsinsulin resistancemicronutrientsnutritionoxidative stress

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Cataract, a leading cause of blindness, involves lens opacity.
  • Multiple factors contribute to cataractogenesis, including nutrition, oxidative stress, and genetics.
  • Dietary patterns and specific nutrients play a crucial role in cataract development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the influence of diet and nutrition on cataract development.
  • To highlight key dietary factors and nutrients associated with cataract risk and prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on nutritional epidemiology and biochemical studies related to cataracts.
  • Analysis of dietary components, including macronutrients, micronutrients, and antioxidants.
  • Examination of oxidative stress biomarkers and their relation to cataract.

Main Results:

  • Balanced diets, vegetarian diets, dairy, and vegetables show protective effects.
  • High sodium, carbohydrate, and polyunsaturated fatty acid intake may increase cataract risk.
  • Antioxidants (beta-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin) and minerals (zinc, selenium) are linked to reduced risk.
  • Oxidative stress markers (GSH, SOD, MDA, 4-HNE) and insulin resistance are implicated in cataract formation.

Conclusions:

  • Dietary choices significantly influence cataract risk.
  • Understanding nutritional factors is key for effective cataract prevention strategies.
  • Further research into specific dietary interventions is warranted.