Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory01:14

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

409
The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the...
409
Cognitive Development During Adulthood01:30

Cognitive Development During Adulthood

78
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
78
Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists01:30

Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists

114
Cognitive enhancers, also known as "smart drugs," are substances used to enhance memory, mental alertness, and concentration. These can be natural or synthetic and improve cognition in conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Some common examples include caffeine, amphetamines, methylphenidate, modafinil, arecoline, donepezil, vortioxetine, and piracetam. These enhancers work on the principle of synaptic plasticity and altered circuit function.
114
Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia01:30

Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

48
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
48
Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

340
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
340

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Impact of multiple sclerosis disease-modifying therapies on chronic lesion tissue expansion.

Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)·2026
Same author

Ultra-low-field MRI for bedside imaging of severe multiple sclerosis.

Journal of neurology·2026
Same author

Editorial for "5 T-Based Glutamate Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer Imaging for Adult Diffuse Glioma Stratification".

Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI·2026
Same author

Nutrition as Neuroprotection: A Role for the Mediterranean Diet.

Neurology·2026
Same author

Predicting disease progression in multiple sclerosis with clinically accessible information and technology.

Journal of neurology·2026
Same author

Dura mater enhancement on 3T MRI is associated with cortical lesion burden in multiple sclerosis.

Journal of neurology·2026
Same journal

Epilepsy and exercise: a narrative review on the crucial role of neurosteroids in modulating GABAergic neurotransmission.

Brain communications·2026
Same journal

Thalamocortical seizure onset patterns in drug-resistant focal epilepsy.

Brain communications·2026
Same journal

Evolutionary implications of <i>NOTCH2NLC</i> mutations: brain structural changes in neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease revealed by comprehensive morphometry.

Brain communications·2026
Same journal

Late-onset epileptic spasms: presentation, aetiology and outcome.

Brain communications·2026
Same journal

Association between glymphatic dysfunction and glucose hypometabolism in chronic disorders of consciousness: a multimodal PET/MRI study.

Brain communications·2026
Same journal

Lost in translation-what is translational neuroscience research?

Brain communications·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2025

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test MSPT: An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool
11:35

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test MSPT: An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool

Published on: June 30, 2014

57.9K

Cognitive function in severe progressive multiple sclerosis.

Dejan Jakimovski1, Robert Zivadinov1,2, Zachary Weinstock1

  • 1Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA.

Brain Communications
|July 17, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cognitive impairment is prevalent in severe progressive multiple sclerosis (MS). Specially designed auditory tests show promise for assessing cognitive processing speed in MS patients, correlating with reduced brain volume.

Keywords:
ATOPSMRIcortical volumeprogressive MSthalamic volume

More Related Videos

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
09:41

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis

Published on: July 19, 2019

11.5K
Eye-Tracking Control to Assess Cognitive Functions in Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
07:00

Eye-Tracking Control to Assess Cognitive Functions in Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Published on: October 13, 2016

8.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 20, 2025

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test MSPT: An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool
11:35

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test MSPT: An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool

Published on: June 30, 2014

57.9K
Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
09:41

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis

Published on: July 19, 2019

11.5K
Eye-Tracking Control to Assess Cognitive Functions in Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
07:00

Eye-Tracking Control to Assess Cognitive Functions in Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Published on: October 13, 2016

8.1K

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience
  • Neuroimmunology

Background:

  • Cognitive impairment significantly affects quality of life in multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • Cognitive function in severe progressive MS is understudied due to testing challenges.
  • Conventional neuropsychological tests are difficult for individuals with severe MS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize cognitive performance in severe progressive MS.
  • To compare cognitive function in severe MS with less disabled MS patients.
  • To explore the relationship between cognitive performance and MRI outcomes in MS.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Auditory Test of Processing Speed (ATPS) for non-motor cognitive assessment.
  • Administered the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS) battery.
  • Analyzed MRI for lesion and volumetric brain measurements in matched MS cohorts.

Main Results:

  • Severe MS patients showed significantly worse performance across all cognitive domains.
  • Cognitive processing speed, learning, memory, and language were most affected.
  • Auditory Test of Processing Speed demonstrated higher completion rates than Symbol Digit Modalities Test in severe MS.

Conclusions:

  • Auditory, non-motor cognitive tests offer sensitive screening for severe progressive MS.
  • Cognitive deficits in severe MS correlate with physical disability.
  • Reduced thalamic and cortical grey matter volumes are associated with cognitive impairment in MS.