Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 20, 2025
10:03
Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
Published on: November 11, 2013
25.4K
Dual-Function Alloying Nitrate Additives Stabilize Fast-Charging Lithium Metal Batteries
Austin G Paul-Orecchio1, Lucas Stockton2, Neel Barichello2
1Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|July 17, 2024
Summary
This study stabilizes lithium metal anodes for faster charging using dual-function M-nitrate additives. These additives promote dense lithium plating and enhance ion diffusion, enabling stable cycling for advanced lithium metal batteries.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Electrochemistry
- Energy Storage
Background:
- Lithium metal anodes offer high capacity for lithium-ion batteries but suffer from dendrite formation, hindering fast charging and causing cell failure.
- Stabilizing lithium metal plating and stripping is crucial for developing next-generation high-energy-density batteries.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the use of dual-function alloying M-nitrate additives (M: Ag, Bi, Ga, In, Zn) for stabilizing fast-charging lithium metal plating/stripping.
- To enhance the electrochemical performance and cycle life of lithium metal anodes.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing M-nitrate additives that form lithiophilic alloys for dense lithium nucleation.
- Employing nitrates to create ionically conductive and mechanically stable Li3N and LiNO3 passivation layers.
- Conducting electrochemical cycling tests for Li||Li symmetric cells and Li||Lithium Iron Phosphate full-cells.
Main Results:
- M-nitrate additives facilitate uniform lithium deposition and stripping.
- Zn-protected cells achieved over 750 cycles at 2.0 mA cm-2 and 140 cycles at 10.0 mA cm-2 in Li||Li symmetric tests.
- Zn-protected Li||Lithium Iron Phosphate full-cells retained 89.2% capacity after 400 cycles at C/2.
Conclusions:
- Dual-function M-nitrate additives effectively stabilize fast-charging lithium metal plating/stripping.
- The developed passivation layers enhance ion diffusion and mechanical stability, improving battery performance and cycle life.
- This approach presents a promising strategy for advancing fast-charging lithium metal battery technology.
Related Concept Videos
01:09Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes
356
In complexation reactions, metal cations are the electron pair acceptors, and the ligands are the electron pair donors. The stability of the metal complexes depends primarily on the complexing ability of the central metal ion and the nature of the ligands. Generally, the complexing ability of the metal ion depends on the size and charge of the ion. As the metal ion size increases, the stability of the metal complexes decreases, provided that the valency of the metal ion and the ligands remain...
356
03:12Batteries and Fuel Cells
27.2K
A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
27.2K
03:45Formation of Complex Ions
23.6K
A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
23.6K
02:51Metal-Ligand Bonds
20.7K
The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
20.7K
02:48Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer
41.4K
Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions.
41.4K
00:55Nitriles to Amines: LiAlH4 Reduction
3.3K
Nitriles are reduced to amines in the presence of strong reducing agents like lithium aluminum hydride through a typical nucleophilic acyl substitution. The reaction requires two equivalents of the reducing agent. The reducing agent acts as a source of hydride ions.
As shown below, the mechanism involves three steps. Firstly, the hydride ion acting as a nucleophile attacks the nitrile carbon to form an anion. In the second step, a second equivalent of the hydride ion attacks the anion to...
As shown below, the mechanism involves three steps. Firstly, the hydride ion acting as a nucleophile attacks the nitrile carbon to form an anion. In the second step, a second equivalent of the hydride ion attacks the anion to...
3.3K