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Unlocking biological mechanisms with integrative functional genomics approaches
Sehee Yun1, Minsoo Noh2, Jivin Yu1
1Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
Molecules and Cells
|July 17, 2024
Summary
Functional genomic screening, including CRISPR screens, now enables large-scale gene manipulation in human cells. This review covers advanced methods for gene function discovery and personalized medicine applications.
Area of Science:
- Genomics
- Molecular Biology
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Reverse genetics traditionally relies on targeted gene manipulation for functional insights.
- Large-scale genetic studies in human cells faced historical limitations.
- Advancements in functional genomics and sequencing have overcome these barriers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of current functional genomic screening technologies for human cells.
- To explore the integration of CRISPR with single-cell omics for detailed analysis.
- To offer insights for improved genomic research and personalized medicine.
Main Methods:
- Review of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) screens.
- Analysis of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-based screening technologies.
- Exploration of CRISPR-pooled screening and single-cell omics integration.
Main Results:
- Pooled screening technologies enable massively parallel, unbiased assessments in human cells.
- CRISPR screens offer powerful tools for genetic manipulation and functional genomics.
- Integration with single-cell omics allows multi-level monitoring of genetic perturbations.
Conclusions:
- Modern functional genomic screening technologies are revolutionizing gene function studies in human cells.
- These advancements facilitate more targeted and effective genomic research strategies.
- The findings support the development of personalized medicine approaches.
