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Sex differences in sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory variables in childhood asthma: A birth cohort study

Sergio E Chiarella1, Danna P Garcia-Guaqueta1, Li Y Drake2

  • 1Division of Allergic Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.

Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology : Official Publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology
|July 17, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Boys experience earlier and more severe childhood asthma than girls, with differences noted in lung function, blood eosinophilia, and serum periostin levels, offering insights into asthma sex bias.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric pulmonology
  • Asthma research
  • Sex differences in disease

Background:

  • Significant sex disparities exist in asthma prevalence and severity across childhood and adulthood.
  • Limited research comprehensively addresses sex differences in pediatric asthma cohorts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To pinpoint key sex differences in sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory factors within a large, well-defined pediatric asthma cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional analysis of the Mayo Clinic Olmsted County Birth Cohort.
  • Asthma ascertainment using natural language processing and Predetermined Asthma Criteria.
  • Pulmonary function tests and laboratory data collected from a stratified random sample.

Main Results:

  • Boys diagnosed with asthma more frequently and at a younger age than girls.
  • Male predominance in tympanostomy tube presence; female predominance in pneumonia history.
  • Boys exhibited lower forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity ratios, increased blood eosinophilia, atopic sensitization, and higher serum periostin levels.

Conclusions:

  • Significant sex differences identified in pediatric asthma, with boys presenting with earlier and more severe disease.
  • Elevated blood eosinophilia and serum periostin in boys suggest potential mechanisms for sex bias in childhood asthma.
Abstract

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