Are Burkholderia Emerging Pathogens in patients with underlying morbidity: A case series

Burkholderia is a genus consisting of several species including the Burkholderia pseudomallei group, Burkholderia cepacia complex and other phytopathogens. Burkholderia species is a gram-negative bacillus with protean presentation that can be acquired from various sources, including water, soil, plant surfaces, and hospital environments. The organism on Gram staining is seen as gram-negative rod and on culture, the colonies are non-lactose fermenting. As it can mimic other diseases, it is frequently misdiagnosed and there is lack of awareness about the clinical spectrum of disease and diagnosis. This study aims to investigate varied clinical manifestations, identify potential risk factors and transmission modes and contribute to enhancing the clinical management of diseases. The increasing prevalence of Burkholderia infection implies its potential emergence as a significant public health concern, compounded by the growing incidence of diabetes, which has the potential to escalate the overall disease burden. The principal finding of the case series highlighted a spectrum of clinical presentations, emphasizing the need for comprehensive diagnostic strategies and tailored therapeutic interventions. These strategies will address the diverse manifestations and challenges posed by Burkholderia infections. This underscores the importance of heightened awareness among clinicians and microbiologists, given the need for extended treatment to achieve a complete cure and prevent potential relapses.