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Related Concept Videos

The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

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Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2025

A Macrophage-Tumor Spheroid Co-Invasion Assay
09:01

A Macrophage-Tumor Spheroid Co-Invasion Assay

Published on: January 24, 2025

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Dual-Engineered Macrophage-Microbe Encapsulation for Metastasis Immunotherapy.

Leyang Wu1,2,3, Liyuan Qiao1, Shuhui Zhang1

  • 1The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Department of Neurology of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Life Sciences and The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, P. R. China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|July 18, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A novel dual-engineered macrophage-microbe encapsulation (Du-EMME) therapy effectively halts lung metastasis progression. This innovative cancer treatment leverages engineered macrophages and bacteria to enhance drug delivery and antitumor immunity.

Keywords:
engineered macrophagesimmune activationmicrobial therapeuticssalmonella typhimurium VNP20009tumor‐targeted delivery

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunotherapy
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Lung metastases are a primary cause of cancer mortality.
  • Inefficient drug delivery and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments hinder effective cancer treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an innovative dual-engineered macrophage-microbe encapsulation (Du-EMME) therapy for treating cancer metastases.
  • To enhance intratumoral drug delivery and boost antitumor immunity.

Main Methods:

  • Engineered macrophages (R-GEM cells) expressing RGD peptides were developed for enhanced tumor binding.
  • R-GEM cells were co-cultured with engineered Salmonella typhimurium (VNP20009 or VNP-IFNγ) to create encapsulated macrophage-microbe systems (R-GEM/VNP or R-GEM/VNP-IFNγ cells).
  • The efficacy of Du-EMME therapy was evaluated in mouse models of breast cancer, melanoma, and colorectal cancer lung metastases.

Main Results:

  • Engineered macrophages enhanced bacterial enrichment and bioactivity within tumors.
  • Du-EMME therapy significantly halted lung metastatic tumor progression across three cancer types.
  • R-GEM/VNP-IFNγ cells modulated the tumor microenvironment, suppressing immunosuppressive cells and promoting anti-tumor immunity.

Conclusions:

  • Du-EMME therapy represents a promising strategy for targeted cancer metastasis treatment.
  • This approach enhances antitumor immunity by overcoming drug delivery challenges and immunosuppression.
  • The dual-engineered system offers a novel platform for developing advanced cancer immunotherapies.