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Low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms: Histomorphological spectrum in a tertiary care hospital

Manisha Ahuja1, Shramana Mandal, Varuna Mallya

  • 1Department of Pathology and Pediatric Surgery, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, India.

Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics
|July 18, 2024
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (LAMNs) are rare appendix tumors. This study identified 12 LAMN cases, highlighting diagnostic challenges and the importance of thorough examination for effective appendiceal neoplasm treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Pathology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (LAMNs) are benign, non-invasive epithelial proliferations of the appendix.
  • Typically presenting as mucoceles, LAMNs rarely exceed 2 cm and are confined to the lumen.
  • Spread of mucin outside the peritoneum defines pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the diagnostic challenges of LAMNs.
  • To analyze cases of appendectomies for LAMN identification over three years.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of appendectomy cases over a three-year period.
  • Histopathological analysis to identify and classify LAMNs.
  • Assessment of epithelial lining, lymphoid aggregates, and mucin within the appendiceal wall.

Main Results:

  • Twelve cases of LAMN were identified.
  • Nine cases were classified as LAMN, and three as appendiceal neoplasm with PMP.
  • Histopathological findings included villous/flat epithelial proliferation, loss of lymphoid aggregates, and dissecting mucin.

Conclusions:

  • LAMNs are rare appendiceal neoplasms with presentations mimicking acute appendicitis.
  • Thorough gross examination and search for mucosal changes are crucial for diagnosing LAMNs and identifying invasion.
  • Appendectomy is the recommended treatment for benign, grossly intact mucinous neoplasms.

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