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Inter-Hemispheric Coordination and Ageing in Visual Working Memory: A Distributed Framework.

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Reduced interhemispheric transfer in older adults: Evidence from a divided visual field one-back task.

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Older adults show more errors in visual working memory tasks requiring communication between brain hemispheres. This suggests age-related corpus callosum changes may impair interhemispheric transfer.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • The ageing brain experiences structural changes, notably in the corpus callosum, a key pathway for interhemispheric communication.
  • Age-related degeneration, particularly in the anterior corpus callosum, raises questions about functional impacts on cognitive processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate potential compromises in the interhemispheric transfer of visual working memory (VWM) in older adults.
  • To explore the functional consequences of age-related structural brain changes on cognitive function.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments utilized modified one-back paradigms with young (18-28 years) and older (65-85 years) adults.
  • Participants viewed sequentially presented stimuli in either hemifield and identified matches, with stimuli sometimes in opposite hemifields.

Main Results:

  • Older adults made significantly more matching errors when stimuli appeared in opposite hemifields compared to the same hemifield.
  • This contrasts with younger adults, indicating a specific deficit in interhemispheric VWM transfer.

Conclusions:

  • Findings suggest a reduced interhemispheric transfer of visual working memory in older adults.
  • This deficit may be linked to age-related atrophy in the anterior corpus callosum, impacting brain connectivity.