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Universal scaling in far-from-equilibrium quantum systems: An equivalent differential approach
Lucas Madeira1, Arnol D García-Orozco1, Michelle A Moreno-Armijos1
1Física e Ciência dos Materiais, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos 13560-970, Brazil.
Summary
We developed a differential equation to describe nonthermal fixed points (NTFPs) in quantum systems. This equation explains universal scaling and predicts power-laws relevant to turbulence.
Area of Science:
- Quantum physics
- Statistical mechanics
Background:
- Out-of-equilibrium closed quantum systems evolve towards thermalization.
- Nonthermal fixed points (NTFPs) explain universal scaling in far-from-equilibrium systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- Introduce a differential equation with NTFP universal scaling as a solution.
- Extract physical properties and interpret universal exponents from the differential equation.
Main Methods:
- Derived a differential equation modeling NTFP universal scaling.
- Analyzed limiting cases to determine universal exponents.
- Validated the approach with three distinct physical systems.
Main Results:
- The differential equation accurately describes universal scaling associated with NTFPs.
- Physical interpretation of universal exponents derived from time dependence and momentum scaling.
- Consistent agreement with previous studies across different systems.
Conclusions:
- The proposed differential equation offers predictive capabilities for NTFP scaling.
- Identified potential connections between NTFP scaling and power-laws in turbulent fluids.
- Suggests implications for particle and energy transport studies.
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