Nitrous oxide myelopathy: a case series.

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Toxicology
• Public Health

Background:

• Recreational inhalation of nitrous oxide (N2O) is associated with severe neurological complications.
• Nitrous oxide abuse can lead to myelopathy and neuropathy, affecting spinal cord and peripheral nerve function.

Purpose of the Study:

• To detail the clinical presentation and patient outcomes.
• To describe the neurological consequences of recreational nitrous oxide misuse.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 12 patients diagnosed with N2O-associated myelopathy.
• Data collection included demographics, clinical features, investigations, and functional outcomes (modified Rankin Scale).

Main Results:

• The study identified 12 patients (mean age 27.5 years) with symptoms including numbness, weakness, and altered mental state.
• Nine patients achieved functional independence at 3 months post-discharge; three required ongoing support.
• Four patients with high N2O consumption also self-supplemented with vitamin B12.

Conclusions:

• Nitrous oxide abuse presents a significant public health challenge due to its neurological sequelae.
• Clinicians must recognize the potential for neurological damage from N2O inhalation.
• Awareness of self-supplementation with vitamin B12 in N2O abusers is crucial for patient management.