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Validation of a Psychosocial Intervention on Body Image in Older People: An Experimental Design
Published on: May 31, 2021
Effectiveness of a self-determination theory-based intervention for nursing home residents with depression: A
Lei Liu1,2, Daqiu Wang2, Wei Wu3
1Nursing Teaching and Research Department, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China.
Objective And Rationale:
The prevalence of depression among older adults residing in nursing homes has risen. While physical activity interventions based on the self-determination theory have been shown to reduce depressive symptoms among students and middle-aged adults, research in nursing home residents is scarce. This study aimed to investigate whether physical activity can alleviate depressive symptoms in nursing home residents over an extended period.
Methods:
Between September 2020 and August 2021, 46 nursing home residents in Shenyang were randomly assigned to either a control group (n = 23) or an intervention group (n = 23). The control group followed a standard physical activity programme, whereas the intervention group underwent a programme based on self-determination theory. Both groups were monitored for 24 weeks post-intervention. Depression scores were assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale, sociodemographic data collected via a self-designed questionnaire, cognitive function evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination, and weight and body fat measured using the Omron KARADA Scan Body Composition and Scale.
Results:
Depression scores were measured at five time points: baseline (T0), weeks 12 (T1), and 24 (T2) of the intervention, and weeks 12 (T3) and 24 (T4) during follow-up. Both groups exhibited a trend of decline by more than five points. The intervention group demonstrated more favourable pre-to-post changes in depression scores compared to the control group.
Conclusions:
A physical activity intervention based on self-determination conceptual framework has been proven to be effective for nursing home residents with depressive symptoms, also aiding in the maintenance of their physical activity levels. This study offers a theoretical foundation for the development of intervention programmes by researchers and identifies potential intervention strategies for caregivers in nursing homes.
Trial Registration:
The Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2200060598) (June 5, 2022).
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