Advanced gene therapy system for the treatment of solid tumour: A review

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Molecular Biology
• Oncology

Background:

• Conventional therapies require repeated dosing, unlike gene therapy's potential for single-dose curative treatments.
• Nucleic acid drugs face challenges like degradation and inactivation, necessitating effective delivery vectors.
• Gene therapy is increasingly combined with other modalities to enhance therapeutic outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review gene therapy technologies, including RNA interference, antisense oligonucleotides, and CRISPR/Cas9.
• To introduce various nucleic acid drug vectors (viral, organic, inorganic) for improved gene delivery.
• To explore combined gene therapy modalities and their applications in solid tumors.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of gene therapy technologies and delivery systems.
• Analysis of combined gene therapy approaches and their mechanisms.
• Summary of recent advancements and challenges in solid tumor treatment.

Main Results:

• Gene therapy, utilizing technologies like CRISPR/Cas9, offers a promising alternative to conventional treatments.
• Diverse vectors, including viral, organic, and inorganic types, are crucial for protecting nucleic acids and enhancing delivery.
• Combination therapies show potential for improved efficacy in solid tumor treatment.

Conclusions:

• Gene therapy, supported by advanced vectors and combination strategies, presents a significant advancement in treating genetic diseases and solid tumors.
• Overcoming challenges in delivery and safety is key to realizing the full potential of gene therapy.
• Further research into combined modalities and novel vectors will drive future applications in oncology.