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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2025

Integration of Wet and Dry Bench Processes Optimizes Targeted Next-generation Sequencing of Low-quality and Low-quantity Tumor Biopsies
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Precision oncology: current and future platforms for treatment selection.

Xinran Tang1, Michael F Berger2, David B Solit3

  • 1Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA.

Trends in Cancer
|July 19, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genomic profiling aids cancer care, but DNA sequencing has limits for predicting responses to many therapies. Innovative molecular and functional profiling platforms are crucial for advancing precision oncology.

Keywords:
DNA sequencingRNA sequencingcell free DNAfunctional precision oncologytargeted cancer therapy

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Genomic profiling is standard in cancer care, utilizing DNA sequencing.
  • DNA sequencing identifies mutations and alterations for therapy response and heritable risk.
  • However, DNA sequencing is limited in predicting sensitivity to chemotherapies, antibody drug conjugates, and immunotherapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review innovative molecular and functional profiling platforms.
  • To discuss their potential to complement or replace DNA sequencing.
  • To identify barriers to clinical adoption.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on molecular and functional profiling platforms.
  • Analysis of the utility of DNA sequencing versus other molecular profiling methods.
  • Discussion of clinical adoption challenges for novel platforms.

Main Results:

  • DNA sequencing is effective for certain biomarkers but not all therapy types.
  • RNA sequencing and other platforms show promise for predicting immunotherapy and combination therapy response.
  • Hurdles to clinical adoption include validation, cost, and integration into care.

Conclusions:

  • Expanding precision oncology requires adopting advanced molecular profiling beyond DNA sequencing.
  • RNA sequencing and functional platforms offer greater predictive power for specific therapies.
  • Overcoming clinical adoption challenges is essential for realizing the full potential of precision oncology.