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Scab Intensity in Pecan Trees in Relation to Hedge-Pruning Methods.

Clive H Bock1, David I Shapiro-Ilan1, Michael W Hotchkiss1

  • 1Southeastern Fruit and Tree Nut Research Station, USDA-ARS, Byron, GA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hedge pruning pecan trees taller than 15 meters may improve fungicide spray coverage, potentially reducing pecan scab (caused by *Venturia effusa*). However, results varied, with some instances showing increased disease severity on pruned trees.

Keywords:
Carya illinoinensisdisease managementepidemiologyfungicideshedging

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Area of Science:

  • Horticulture
  • Plant Pathology
  • Agricultural Engineering

Background:

  • Pecan scab, caused by *Venturia effusa*, is a major limiting factor for pecan production in the southeastern US.
  • Managing pecan scab in tall trees (15-25+ m) is difficult due to challenges in achieving adequate spray coverage.
  • Hedge pruning is a technique used to manage tree size and structure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effects of hedge pruning on pecan scab incidence and severity in tall pecan trees.
  • To determine if hedge pruning improves fungicide spray coverage and efficacy.
  • To assess the impact of pruning timing (winter vs. summer) and intensity on scab management.

Main Methods:

  • Three field trials were conducted on mature pecan trees (cvs. Desirable, Stuart, Caddo) of varying heights.
  • Trees were subjected to different hedge pruning treatments (alternate sides, both sides, winter vs. summer pruning) and compared to non-pruned controls.
  • Fungicide applications were applied uniformly using an air-blast sprayer.
  • Scab incidence and severity were assessed at different canopy heights on shoots, foliage, and fruit over three growing seasons (2020-2022).

Main Results:

  • At one site, hedge-pruned trees showed slightly more severe scab on foliage and fruit compared to controls.
  • At another site, hedge-pruned trees had significantly less scab on fruit, with a higher frequency of low-severity fruit.
  • Scab severity generally increased with height in the canopy at two sites.
  • Pruning timing (winter vs. summer) did not significantly impact scab severity in low-disease conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Hedge pruning's benefit for pecan scab management may increase with tree height, potentially improving spray coverage for taller trees (>15 m).
  • The effectiveness of hedge pruning can vary depending on the specific orchard conditions and cultivar.
  • Further research is needed to optimize hedge pruning strategies for integrated pecan scab management.