Ab Initio Prediction of Two-Dimensional GeSiBi₂ Monolayer as Potential Anode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries

The conceptualization and deployment of electrode materials for rechargeable sodium-ion batteries are key concerns for next-generation energy storage systems. In this contribution, the configuration stability of single-layer GeSiBi₂ is systematically discussed based on first-principles calculations, and its potential as an anode material is further investigated. It is demonstrated that the phonon spectrum confirms the dynamic stability and the adsorption energy identifies a strong interaction between Na atoms and the substrate material. The electronic bands indicative of inherent metallicity contribute to the enhancement of electronic conductivity after Na adsorption. The multilayer adsorption of Na provides a theoretical capacity of 361.7 mAh/g, which is comparable to that of other representative two-dimensional anode materials. Moreover, the low diffusion barriers of 0.19 and 0.15 eV further guarantee the fast diffusion kinetics. These contributions signal that GeSiBi₂ can be a compatible candidate for sodium-ion batteries anodes.